Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that Said ibn
al-Musayyab used to say, "When a man is given something to use in a
military expedition, and he brings it to the battlefield, it is his."
Malik was asked about a man who pledged himself to go on a
military campaign, equipped himself,and when he wanted to go out, one
or both of his parents prevented him. He said, "He should not
contradict them. Let him put it off for another year. As for the
equipment, I think that he should store it until he needs it. If he
fears that it will spoil, let him sell it and keep its price so that
he can readily buy what is needed fora military expedition. If he is
well-to-do, he will find the like of his equipment when he goes out,
so let him do what he likes with his equipment."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Abdullah ibn Umar
that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
sent a raiding party which included Abdullah ibn Umar near Najd. They
plundered many camels and their portions were twelve or eleven camels
each. They divided it up camel by camel.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that he heard
Said ibn al-Musayyab say, "When people in military expeditions divided
the spoils, they made a camel equal to ten sheep."
Malik said
about the paid labourer in military expeditions, "If he is present at
the battle and is with the people in the battle and he is a free man,
he has his share. If he is not present, he has no share."
Malik summed up, "I think that the booty is only divided among free
men who have been present at the battle. "
Yahya related to me from Malik that it reached him that a slave
of Abdullah ibn Umar escaped and one of his horses wandered off, and
the idol worshippers seized them. Then the Muslims recaptured them,
and they were returned to Abdullah ibn Umar, before the division of
the spoils took place.
I heard Malik say about muslim
property that had been seized by the enemy, "If it is noticed before
the distribution, then it is returned to itsowner. Whatever has
already been distributed is not returned to anyone."
Malik,
when asked about a man whose young male slave was taken by the idol
worshippers and then the Muslims re-captured him, said, "The owner is
more entitled to him without having to pay his price or value or
having to incur any loss before the distribution takes place. If the
distribution has already taken place then I think that the slave
belongs to his master for his price if the master wants him back."
Regarding an umm walad of a Muslim man who has been taken by
the idol worshippers and then recaptured by the Muslims and allotted
in the distribution of spoils and then recognised by her master after
the distribution, Malik said, "She is not to be enslaved. I think that
the Imam should pay a ransom for her for her master. If he does not
do it, then her master must pay a ransom for her and not leave her. I
do not think that she should be made a slave by whoever takes her and
intercourse with her is not halal. She is in the position of a free
woman because her master would be required to pay compensation if she
injured somebody and so she is in the same position (as a wife). He
must not leave the mother of his son to be enslaved nor may
intercourse with her be made halal."
Malik was asked about a
man who went to enemy territory to pay ransom or to trade, and he
bought a free man or a slave, or they were given to him. He said, "As
for the free man, the price he buys him for is a debt against the man
and he is not made a slave. If the captive is given to him freely, he
is free and owes nothing unless the man gave something in recompense
for him. That is a debt against the free man, the same as if a ransom
had been paid for him. As for a slave, his former master can choose to
take him back and pay his price to the man who bought him or he can
choose to leave him, as he wishes. If he was given to the man, the
former master is more entitled to him, and he owes nothing for him
unless the man gave something for him in recompense. Whatever he gave
for him is a loss against the master if he wants him back."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Amr ibn
Kathir ibn Aflah from Abu Muhammad, the mawla of Abu Qatada that Abu
Qatada ibn Ribi said, "We went out with the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the year of Hunayn. When the
armies met, the Muslims were put in disarray. I saw a man from the
idol worshippers who had got the better of one of the Muslims, so I
circled round and came up behind him, and struck him with a sword on
his shoulder-blade. He turned to me and grabbed me so hard that I felt
the smell of death in it. Then death overcame him, and he let go of
me."
He continued, "I met Umar ibn al-Khattab and said to
him, 'What's going on with the people?' He replied, 'The Command of
Allah.' Then the people took hold of the battle and the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Whoever has
killed one of the dead and can prove it, can strip him of his personal
effects.' I stood up and said, 'Who will testify for me?' and then I
sat down. The Messenger of Allah repeated, 'Whoever has killed one of
the dead and can prove it, can strip him of his personal effects.' I
stood up and said, 'Who will testify for me?' then I sat down. Then he
repeated his statement a third time, so I stood up, and the Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'What's the
matter with you, Abu Qatada?' So I related my story to him. A man
said, 'He has spoken the truth, Messenger of Allah. I have the effects
of that slain person with me, so give him compensation for it,
Messenger of Allah.'
Abu Bakr said, 'No, by Allah! He did not
intend that one of the lions of Allah should fight for Allah and His
Messenger and then give you his spoils.' The Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'He has spoken the truth,
hand it over to him.' He gave it to me, and I sold the breast-plate
and I bought a garden in the area of the Banu Salima with the money.
It was my first property, and I acquired it in Islam."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that al-Qasim ibn
Muhammad said that he had heard a man asking ibn Abbas about booty.
Ibn Abbas said, "Horses are part of the booty and personal effects are
as well."
Then the man repeated his question, and Ibn Abbas
repeated his answer. Then the man said, "What are the spoils which He,
the Blessed, the Exalted, mentioned in His Book?" He kept on asking
until Ibn Abbas was on the verge of being annoyed, then Ibn Abbas
said, "Do you know who this man is like? Ibn Sabigh, who was beaten by
Umar ibn al-Khattab because he was notorious for asking foolish
questions."
Yahya said that Malik was asked whether someone
who killed one of the enemy could keep the man's effects without the
permission of the Imam. He said, "No one can do that without the
permission of the Imam. Only the Imam can make ijtihad. I have not
heard that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, ever said, 'Whoever kills someone can have his effects,' on any
other day than the day of Hunayn."
3
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad that Said ibn al-
Musayyab said, "People used to be given bonuses from the Khumus."
Malik said, "That is the best of what I have heard on the matter."
Malik was asked about bonuses and whether they were taken
from the first of the spoils, and he said, "That is only decided
according to the ijtihad of the Imam. We do not have a known reliable
command about that other than it is up to the ijtihad of the Sultan. I
have not heard that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, gave bonuses in all his raids. I have only heard that
he gave bonuses in one of them, namely the day of Hunayn. It depends
on the ijtihad of the Imam whether they are taken from the first of
the spoils or what is after it."
Yahya related to me that Malik said that he had heard that Umar
ibn Abd al-Aziz used to say, "The man on horse-back has two shares,
and the man on foot has one."
Malik added, "I continue to
hear the same."
Malik, when asked whether a man who was
present with several horses took a share for all of them, said, "I
have never heard that. I think that there is only a share for the
horse on which he fought."
Malik said, "I think that foreign
horses and half-breeds are considered as horses because Allah, the
Blessed, the Exalted, said in His Book, 'All horses, and mules, and
asses, for you to ride, and as an adornment.' (Sura16 ayat 8). He
said, the Mighty, the Majestic, 'Make ready for them whatever force
and strings of horses you can, to terrify thereby the enemy of Allah
and your enemy.' (Sura 8 ayat 60). I think that foreign breeds and
half-breeds are considered as horses if the governor accepts them."
Said ibn al-Musayyab was asked about working horses, and
whether there was zakat on them. He said, "Is there any zakat on
horses.?"
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abd ar-Rahman ibn Said from
Amr ibn Shuayb that when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, came back from Hunayn heading for al-Jiirrana,
the people crowded around so much to question him that his she-camel
backed into a tree, which became entangled in his cloak and pulled it
off his back. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "Return my cloak to me. Are you afraid that I will
not distribute among you what Allah has given you as spoils. By He in
whose hand my self is! Had Allah given you spoils equal to the number
of acacia trees on the plain of Tihama, I would have distributed it
among you. You will not find me to be miserly, cowardly, or a liar."
Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
got down and stood among the people, and said, "Hand over even the
needle and thread, for stealing from the spoils is disgrace, fire,
ignominy on the Day of Rising for people who do it." Then he took a
bit of camel fluff or something from the ground and said, "By He in
whose hand my self is! What Allah has made spoils for you is not mine
- even the like of this! - except for the tax of one fifth, and the
tax of one fifth is returned to you."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 21, Hadith 22
Hadith 509840
Chapter 21: Jihad - كتاب الجهاد
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبَّانَ، أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ خَالِدٍ الْجُهَنِيَّ، قَالَ تُوُفِّيَ رَجُلٌ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَإِنَّهُمْ ذَكَرُوهُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَزَعَمَ زَيْدٌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " صَلُّوا عَلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ " . فَتَغَيَّرَتْ وُجُوهُ النَّاسِ لِذَلِكَ فَزَعَمَ زَيْدٌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " إِنَّ صَاحِبَكُمْ قَدْ غَلَّ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ " . قَالَ فَفَتَحْنَا مَتَاعَهُ فَوَجَدْنَا خَرَزَاتٍ مِنْ خَرَزِ يَهُودَ مَا تُسَاوِينَ دِرْهَمَيْنِ .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Muhammad
ibn Yahya ibn Habban from Ibn Abi Amra that Zayd ibn Khalid al-Juhani
said, "A man died on the day of Hunayn, and they mentioned him to the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." Zayd
claimed that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "You pray over your companion." (i.e. he would not pray
himself). The people's faces dropped at that. Zayd claimed that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,
"Your companion stole from the spoils taken in the way of Allah." Zayd
said, "So we opened up his baggage and found some Jews' beads worth
about two dirhams."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 21, Hadith 23
Hadith 509850
Chapter 21: Jihad - كتاب الجهاد
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ الْكِنَانِيِّ، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَتَى النَّاسَ فِي قَبَائِلِهِمْ يَدْعُو لَهُمْ وَأَنَّهُ تَرَكَ قَبِيلَةً مِنَ الْقَبَائِلِ - قَالَ - وَإِنَّ الْقَبِيلَةَ وَجَدُوا فِي بَرْدَعَةِ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ عِقْدَ جَزْعٍ غُلُولاً فَأَتَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ كَمَا يُكَبِّرُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Abdullah
ibn al-Mughira ibn Abi Burda al-Kinani that he had heard that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to
the people in their tribes and made dua for them, but left out one of
the tribes. Abdullah related, "The tribe found an onyx necklace in the
saddle-bags of one of their men. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, came to them, and then did the takbir
over them as one does the takbir over the dead."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 21, Hadith 24
Hadith 509860
Chapter 21: Jihad - كتاب الجهاد
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الدِّيلِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي الْغَيْثِ، سَالِمٍ مَوْلَى ابْنِ مُطِيعٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَامَ حُنَيْنٍ فَلَمْ نَغْنَمْ ذَهَبًا وَلاَ وَرِقًا إِلاَّ الأَمْوَالَ الثِّيَابَ وَالْمَتَاعَ - قَالَ - فَأَهْدَى رِفَاعَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم غُلاَمًا أَسْوَدَ يُقَالُ لَهُ مِدْعَمٌ فَوَجَّهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِلَى وَادِي الْقُرَى حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِوَادِي الْقُرَى بَيْنَمَا مِدْعَمٌ يَحُطُّ رَحْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذْ جَاءَهُ سَهْمٌ عَائِرٌ فَأَصَابَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ هَنِيئًا لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " كَلاَّ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِنَّ الشَّمْلَةَ الَّتِي أَخَذَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ مِنَ الْمَغَانِمِ لَمْ تُصِبْهَا الْمَقَاسِمُ لَتَشْتَعِلُ عَلَيْهِ نَارًا " . قَالَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ النَّاسُ ذَلِكَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ بِشِرَاكٍ أَوْ شِرَاكَيْنِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " شِرَاكٌ أَوْ شِرَاكَانِ مِنْ نَارٍ " .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Thawr ibn Zayd ad-Dili from
Abu'l-Ghayth Salim, the mawla of ibn Muti that Abu Hurayra said, "We
went out with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, in the yearof Khaybar. We did not capture any gold or
silver except for personal effects, clothes, and baggage. Rifaa ibn
Zayd presented a black slave boy to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, whose name was Midam. The Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, made for Wadi'l-Qura,
and when he arrived there, Midam was unsaddling the camel of the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when a
stray arrow struck and killed him. The people said, 'Good luck to him!
The Garden!' The Messenger of Allah said, 'No! By He in whose hand my
self is! The cloak which he took from the spoils on the Day of Khaybar
before they were distributed will blaze with fire on him.' When the
people heard that, a man brought a sandal-strap or two sandal-straps
to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,
'A sandal-strap or two sandal-straps of fire!' "
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that he had
heard that Abdullah ibn Abbas said, "Stealing from the spoils does not
appear in a people but that terror is cast into their hearts.
Fornication does not spread in a people but that there is much death
among them. A people do not lessen the measure and weight but that
provision is cut off from them. A people do not judge without right
but that blood spreads among them. A people do not betray the pledge
but that Allah gives their enemies power over them."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-Araj from
Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "By He in whose hand my self is! I would like to
fight in the way of Allah and be killed, then be brought to life again
so I could be killed, and then be brought to life again so I could be
killed." Abu Hurayra said three times, "I testify to it by Allah!"
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 21, Hadith 27
Hadith 509890
Chapter 21: Jihad - كتاب الجهاد
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-Araj from
Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "Allah laughs at two men. One of them kills the
other, but each of them will enter the Garden:
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-Araj from
Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "By He in whose hand my self is! None of you is
wounded in the way of Allah - and Allah knows best who is wounded in
HisWay, but that when the Day of Rising comes, blood will gush forth
from his wound. It will be the colour of blood, but its scent will be
that of musk."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam that Umar ibn
al-Khattab used to say, "O Allah! Do not let me be slain by the hand
of a man who has prayed a single prostration to You with which he will
dispute with me before You on the Day of Rising!"
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 21, Hadith 30
Hadith 509920
Chapter 21: Jihad - كتاب الجهاد
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ صَابِرًا مُحْتَسِبًا مُقْبِلاً غَيْرَ مُدْبِرٍ أَيُكَفِّرُ اللَّهُ عَنِّي خَطَايَاىَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " نَعَمْ " . فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ نَادَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَوْ أَمَرَ بِهِ فَنُودِيَ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " كَيْفَ قُلْتَ " . فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ قَوْلَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " نَعَمْ إِلاَّ الدَّيْنَ كَذَلِكَ قَالَ لِي جِبْرِيلُ " .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Said al-
Maqburi from Abdullah ibn Abi Qatada that his father had said that a
man came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, and said, "O Messenger of Allah! If I am killed in the way of
Allah, expectant for reward, sincere, advancing, and not retreating,
will Allah pardon my faults?" The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, said, "Yes." When the man turned away, the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called
him - or commanded him and he was called to him. The Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, "What did
you say?" He repeated his words to him, and the Prophet, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, said to him, "Yes, except for the debt.
Jibril said that to me."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 21, Hadith 31
Hadith 509930
Chapter 21: Jihad - كتاب الجهاد
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي النَّضْرِ، مَوْلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ لِشُهَدَاءِ أُحُدٍ " هَؤُلاَءِ أَشْهَدُ عَلَيْهِمْ " . فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ أَلَسْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِإِخْوَانِهِمْ أَسْلَمْنَا كَمَا أَسْلَمُوا وَجَاهَدْنَا كَمَا جَاهَدُوا . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " بَلَى وَلَكِنْ لاَ أَدْرِي مَا تُحْدِثُونَ بَعْدِي " . فَبَكَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ بَكَى ثُمَّ قَالَ أَئِنَّا لَكَائِنُونَ بَعْدَكَ
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'n-Nadr, the mawla of Umar
ibn Ubaydullah that he had heard that the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said over the martyrs of Uhud, "I
testify for them." Abu Bakr as-Siddiq said, "Messenger of Allah! Are
we not their brothers? We entered Islam as they entered Islam and we
did jihad as they did jihad." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, said, "Yes, but I do not know what you will
do after me." Abu Bakr wept profusely and said, "Are we really going
to out-live you!"
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 21, Hadith 32
Hadith 509940
Chapter 21: Jihad - كتاب الجهاد
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم جَالِسًا وَقَبْرٌ يُحْفَرُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَاطَّلَعَ رَجُلٌ فِي الْقَبْرِ فَقَالَ بِئْسَ مَضْجَعُ الْمُؤْمِنِ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " بِئْسَ مَا قُلْتَ " . فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ إِنِّي لَمْ أُرِدْ هَذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ الْقَتْلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لاَ مِثْلَ لِلْقَتْلِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ مَا عَلَى الأَرْضِ بُقْعَةٌ هِيَ أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَبْرِي بِهَا مِنْهَا " . ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ يَعْنِي الْمَدِينَةَ .
Yahya related to me from Malik that Yahya ibn Said said, "The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was
sitting by a grave which was being dug at Madina. A man looked into
the grave and said, 'An awful bed for the mumin. 'The Messenger of
Allah, may Allah blesshim and grant him peace, said, 'Evil? What you
have said is absolutely wrong.'
The man said, 'I didn't mean
that, Messenger of Allah. I meant being killed in the way of Allah.'
The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,
'Being killed in the way of Allah has no like! There is no place on
the earth which I would prefer my grave to be than here (meaning
Madina). He repeated it three times.' "
Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam that Umar ibn
al-Khattab used to say, "O Allah! I ask you for martyrdom in Your way
and death in the city of Your Messenger!"
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that Umar ibn
al-Khattab said, "The nobility of the mumin is his taqwa. His deen is
his noble descent. His manliness is his good character. Boldness and
cowardice are but instincts which Allah places wherever He wills. The
coward shrinks from defending even his father and mother, and the bold
one fights for the sake of the combat not for the spoils. Being slain
is but one way of meeting death, and the martyr is the one who gives
himself, expectant of reward from Allah."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Abdullah ibn Umar
that Umar ibn al-Khattab was washed and shrouded and prayed over, yet
he was a martyr, may Allah have mercy on him .
Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard the people of
knowledge say that martyrs in the way of Allah were not washed, nor
were any of them prayed over. They were buried in the garments in
which they were slain.
Malik said, "That is the sunna for
someone who is killed on the battleground and is not reached until he
is already dead. Someone who is carried off and lives for as long as
Allah wills after it, is washed and prayed over as was Umar ibn al-
Khattab."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that Umar ibn
al-Khattab in one year gave 40,000 camels as mounts. Sometimes he
would give one man a camel to himself. Sometimes he would give one
camel between two men to take them to Iraq. A man from Iraq came to
him and said, "Give Suhaym and I a mount.''Umar ibn al-Khattab said to
him,"l demand from you, by Allah!, is Suhaym a water skin?" He said,
"Yes."