Chapter 15: The heirs of a lady who dies, leaving two cousins – her maternal brother and her husband. - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودٌ، أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ، عَنْ أَبِي حَصِينٍ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" أَنَا أَوْلَى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ، فَمَنْ مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ مَالاً فَمَالُهُ لِمَوَالِي الْعَصَبَةِ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَ كَلاًّ أَوْ ضَيَاعًا، فَأَنَا وَلِيُّهُ فَلأُدْعَى لَهُ ". لكل: العيال
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "I am more closer to the believers than their ownselves, so whoever (among
them) dies leaving some inheritance, his inheritance will be given to his 'Asaba, and whoever dies
leaving a debt or dependants or destitute children, then I am their supporter."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 80, Hadith 737
Hadith 6746
Chapter 15: The heirs of a lady who dies, leaving two cousins – her maternal brother and her husband. - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
حَدَّثَنَا أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ بِسْطَامٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، عَنْ رَوْحٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ طَاوُسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" أَلْحِقُوا الْفَرَائِضَ بِأَهْلِهَا، فَمَا تَرَكَتِ الْفَرَائِضُ فَلأَوْلَى رَجُلٍ ذَكَرٍ ".
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Give the Fara'id (the shares of the inheritance that are prescribed in the Qur'an) to
those who are entitled to receive it; and whatever is left should be given to the closest male relative of
the deceased."
Regarding the Holy Verse:--'And to everyone, We have appointed heirs..' And:-- (4.33) 'To those also
to Whom your right hands have pledged.' (4.33)
When the emigrants came to Medina, the Ansar used to be the heir of the emigrants (and vice versa)
instead of their own kindred by blood (Dhawl-l-arham), and that was because of the bond of
brotherhood which the Prophet (ﷺ) had established between them, i.e. the Ansar and the emigrants. But
when the Divine Verse:--
'And to everyone We have appointed heirs,' (4.33) was revealed, it cancelled the other, order i.e. 'To
those also, to whom Your right hands have pledged.'
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 80, Hadith 739
Hadith 6748
Chapter 17: The inheritance in the case of Mula’ana - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ قَزَعَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما أَنَّ رَجُلاً، لاَعَنَ امْرَأَتَهُ فِي زَمَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَانْتَفَى مِنْ وَلَدِهَا فَفَرَّقَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَيْنَهُمَا، وَأَلْحَقَ الْوَلَدَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ.
A man and his wife had a case of Lian (or Mula'ana) during the lifetime of the Prophet (ﷺ) and the man
denied the paternity of her child. The Prophet (ﷺ) gave his verdict for their separation (divorce) and then
the child was regarded as belonging to the wife only.
`Utba (bin Abi Waqqas) said to his brother Sa`d, "The son of the slave girl of Zam`a is my son, so be
his custodian." So when it was the year of the Conquest of Mecca, Sa`d took that child and said, "He
is my nephew, and my brother told me to be his custodian." On that, 'Abu bin Zam`a got up and said,
'but the child is my brother, and the son of my father's slave girl as he was born on his bed." So they
both went to the Prophet. Sa`d said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! (This is) the son of my brother and he told me
to be his custodian." Then 'Abu bin Zam`a said, "(But he is) my brother and the son of the slave girl of
my father, born on his bed." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "This child is for you. O 'Abu bin Zam`a, as the child is
for the owner of the bed, and the adulterer receives the stones." He then ordered (his wife) Sauda bint
Zam`a to cover herself before that boy as he noticed the boy's resemblance to `Utba. Since then the
boy had never seen Sauda till he died.
I bought Barira (a female slave). The Prophet (ﷺ) said (to me), "Buy her as the Wala' is for the
manumitted." Once she was given a sheep (in charity). The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "It (the sheep) is a charitable
gift for her (Barira) and a gift for us." Al-Hakam said, "Barira's husband was a free man." Ibn `Abbas
said, 'When I saw him, he was a slave."
`Aisha bought Barira in order to manumit her, but her masters stipulated that her Wala' (after her
death) would be for them. `Aisha said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I have bought Barira in order to manumit
her, but her masters stipulated that her Wala' will be for them." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Manumit her as the
Wala is for the one who manumits (the slave)," or said, "The one who pays her price." Then `Aisha
bought and manumitted her. After that, Barira was given the choice (by the Prophet) (to stay with her
husband or leave him). She said, "If he gave me so much and so much (money) I would not stay with
him." (Al-Aswad added: Her husband was a free man.) The sub-narrator added: The series of the
narrators of Al-Aswad's statement is incomplete. The statement of Ibn `Abbas, i.e., when I saw him he
was a slave, is more authentic.
We have no Book to recite except the Book of Allah (Qur'an) and this paper. Then `Ali took out the
paper, and behold ! There was written in it, legal verdicts about the retaliation for wounds, the ages of
the camels (to be paid as Zakat or as blood money). In it was also written: 'Medina is a sanctuary from
Air (mountain) to Thaur (mountain). So whoever innovates in it an heresy (something new in religion)
or commits a crime in it or gives shelter to such an innovator, will incur the curse of Allah, the angels
and all the people, and none of his compulsory or optional good deeds will be accepted on the Day of
Resurrection. And whoever (a freed slave) takes as his master (i.e. be-friends) some people other than
hi real masters without the permission of his real masters, will incur the curse of Allah, the angels and
all the people, and none of his compulsory, or optional good deeds will be accepted on the Day of
Resurrection. And the asylum granted by any Muslim is to be secured by all the Muslims, even if it is
granted by one of the lowest social status among them; and whoever betrays a Muslim, in this respect
will incur the curse of Allah, the angels, and all the people, and none of his Compulsory or optional
good deeds will be accepted on the Day of Resurrection."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 80, Hadith 747
Hadith 6756
Chapter 21: The sin of the freed slave who denies his master who has freed him. - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ نَهَى النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلاَءِ وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ.
The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the selling of the Wala' (of slaves) or giving it as a present.
That Aisha, the mother of the Believers, intended to buy a slave girl in order to manumit her. The
slave girl's master said, "We are ready to sell her to you on the condition that her Wala should be for
us." Aisha mentioned that to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) who said, "This (condition) should not prevent you from
buying her, for the Wala is for the one who manumits (the slave)."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 80, Hadith 749
Hadith 6758
Chapter 22: If someone is converted to Islam through somebody else - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated Al-Aswad:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ، أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتِ اشْتَرَيْتُ بَرِيرَةَ فَاشْتَرَطَ أَهْلُهَا وَلاَءَهَا، فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ
" أَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّ الْوَلاَءَ لِمَنْ أَعْطَى الْوَرِقَ ". قَالَتْ فَأَعْتَقْتُهَا ـ قَالَتْ ـ فَدَعَاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَخَيَّرَهَا مِنْ زَوْجِهَا فَقَالَتْ لَوْ أَعْطَانِي كَذَا وَكَذَا مَا بِتُّ عِنْدَهُ. فَاخْتَارَتْ نَفْسَهَا.
Aisha said, "I bought Barira and her masters stipulated that the Wala would be for them." Aisha
mentioned that to the Prophet (ﷺ) and he said, "Manumit her, as the Wala is for the one who gives the
silver (i.e. pays the price for freeing the slave)." Aisha added, "So I manumitted her. After that, the
Prophet caller her (Barira) and gave her the choice to go back to her husband or not. She said, "If he
gave me so much and so much (money) I would not stay with him." So she selected her ownself (i.e.
refused to go back to her husband)."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 80, Hadith 750
Hadith 6759
Chapter 23: What a woman can inherit of the Wala’ (in the book it is given women) - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ أَرَادَتْ عَائِشَةُ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ بَرِيرَةَ فَقَالَتْ لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِنَّهُمْ يَشْتَرِطُونَ الْوَلاَءَ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" اشْتَرِيهَا، فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ ".
When Aisha intended to buy Barira, she said to the Prophet, "Barira's masters stipulated that they will
have the Wala." The Prophet (ﷺ) said (to Aisha), "Buy her, as the Wala is for the one who manumits."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 80, Hadith 752
Hadith 6761
Chapter 24: The freed slave belongs to the people who have freed him - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
حَدَّثَنَا آدَمُ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ قُرَّةَ، وَقَتَادَةُ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" مَوْلَى الْقَوْمِ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ ". أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ.
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The freed slave belongs to the people who have freed him," or said something
similar.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 80, Hadith 754
Hadith 6763
Chapter 25: The inheritance of a captive - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" مَنْ تَرَكَ مَالاً فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَ كَلاًّ فَإِلَيْنَا ".
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, " If somebody dies (among the Muslims) leaving some property, the property will
go to his heirs; and if he leaves a debt or dependants, we will take care of them."
Sa`d bin Abi Waqqas and 'Abu bin Zam`a had a dispute over a boy. Sa`d said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!
This (boy) is the son of my brother, `Utba bin Abi Waqqas who told me to be his custodian as he was
his son. Please notice to whom he bears affinity." And 'Abu bin Zam`a said, "This is my brother, O
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! He was born on my father's bed by his slave girl." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) looked at the boy
and noticed evident resemblance between him and `Utba, so he said, "He (the toy) is for you, O 'Abu
bin Zam`a, for the boy is for the owner of the bed, and the stone is for the adulterer. Screen yourself
before the boy, O Sauda bint Zam`a." `Aisha added: Since then he had never seen Sauda.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 80, Hadith 757
Hadith 6766
Chapter 29: Whoever claims to be the son of a person other than his father - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated Sa`d:
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ ـ هُوَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ـ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ سَعْدٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ
" مَنِ ادَّعَى إِلَى غَيْرِ أَبِيهِ، وَهْوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ غَيْرُ أَبِيهِ، فَالْجَنَّةُ عَلَيْهِ حَرَامٌ ". فَذَكَرْتُهُ لأَبِي بَكْرَةَ فَقَالَ وَأَنَا سَمِعَتْهُ أُذُنَاىَ، وَوَعَاهُ، قَلْبِي مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم.
I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, "Whoever claims to be the son of a person other than his father, and he
knows that person is not his father, then Paradise will be forbidden for him." I mentioned that to Abu
Bakra, and he said, "My ears heard that and my heart memorized it from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ).
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 80, Hadith 758
Hadith 6768
Chapter 29: Whoever claims to be the son of a person other than his father - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا أَصْبَغُ بْنُ الْفَرَجِ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرٌو، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، عَنْ عِرَاكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" لاَ تَرْغَبُوا عَنْ آبَائِكُمْ، فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ فَهُوَ كُفْرٌ ".
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Do not deny your fathers (i.e. claim to be the sons of persons other than your
fathers), and whoever denies his father, is charged with disbelief."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 80, Hadith 759
Hadith 6769
Chapter 30: If a lady claims to be the mother of a son - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" كَانَتِ امْرَأَتَانِ مَعَهُمَا ابْنَاهُمَا، جَاءَ الذِّئْبُ فَذَهَبَ بِابْنِ إِحْدَاهُمَا فَقَالَتْ لِصَاحِبَتِهَا إِنَّمَا ذَهَبَ بِابْنِكِ. وَقَالَتِ الأُخْرَى إِنَّمَا ذَهَبَ بِابْنِكِ. فَتَحَاكَمَتَا إِلَى دَاوُدَ ـ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ ـ فَقَضَى بِهِ لِلْكُبْرَى، فَخَرَجَتَا عَلَى سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ـ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ ـ فَأَخْبَرَتَاهُ فَقَالَ ائْتُونِي بِالسِّكِّينِ أَشُقُّهُ بَيْنَهُمَا. فَقَالَتِ الصُّغْرَى لاَ تَفْعَلْ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ. هُوَ ابْنُهَا. فَقَضَى بِهِ لِلصُّغْرَى ". قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ وَاللَّهِ إِنْ سَمِعْتُ بِالسِّكِّينِ قَطُّ إِلاَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ، وَمَا كُنَّا نَقُولُ إِلاَّ الْمُدْيَةَ.
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "There were two women with whom there were their two sons. A wolf came and
took away the son of one of them. That lady said to her companion, 'The wolf has taken your son.' The
other said, 'But it has taken your son.' So both of them sought the judgment of (the Prophet) David
who judged that the boy should be given to the older lady. Then both of them went to (the Prophet)
Solomon, son of David and informed him of the case. Solomon said, 'Give me a knife so that I may
cut the child into two portions and give one half to each of you.' The younger lady said, 'Do not do so;
may Allah bless you ! He is her child.' On that, he gave the child to the younger lady." Abu Huraira
added: By Allah! I had never heard the word 'Sakkin' as meaning knife, except on that day, for we
used to call it "Mudya".
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 80, Hadith 760
Hadith 6770
Chapter 31: The Qa’if - كتاب الفرائض
Narrated `Aisha:
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم دَخَلَ عَلَىَّ مَسْرُورًا تَبْرُقُ أَسَارِيرُ وَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ
" أَلَمْ تَرَىْ أَنَّ مُجَزِّزًا نَظَرَ آنِفًا إِلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ وَأُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذِهِ الأَقْدَامَ بَعْضُهَا مِنْ بَعْضٍ ".
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) once entered upon me in a very happy mood, with his features glittering with joy, and
said, "O `Aisha! won't you see that Mujazziz (a Qa'if) looked just now at Zaid bin Haritha and Usama
bin Zaid and said, 'These feet (of Usama and his father) belong to each other." (See Hadith No. 755,
Vol. 4)