Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Sa`id bin Al-Musaiyab:
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، قَالَ الْبَحِيرَةُ الَّتِي يُمْنَعُ دَرُّهَا لِلطَّوَاغِيتِ فَلاَ يَحْلُبُهَا أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ. وَالسَّائِبَةُ كَانُوا يُسَيِّبُونَهَا لآلِهَتِهِمْ لاَ يُحْمَلُ عَلَيْهَا شَىْءٌ. قَالَ وَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" رَأَيْتُ عَمْرَو بْنَ عَامِرٍ الْخُزَاعِيَّ يَجُرُّ قُصْبَهُ فِي النَّارِ، كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ سَيَّبَ السَّوَائِبَ ". وَالْوَصِيلَةُ النَّاقَةُ الْبِكْرُ تُبَكِّرُ فِي أَوَّلِ نِتَاجِ الإِبِلِ، ثُمَّ تُثَنِّي بَعْدُ بِأُنْثَى. وَكَانُوا يُسَيِّبُونَهُمْ لِطَوَاغِيتِهِمْ إِنْ وَصَلَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا بِالأُخْرَى لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُمَا ذَكَرٌ. وَالْحَامِ فَحْلُ الإِبِلِ يَضْرِبُ الضِّرَابَ الْمَعْدُودَ، فَإِذَا قَضَى ضِرَابَهُ وَدَعُوهُ لِلطَّوَاغِيتِ وَأَعْفَوْهُ مِنَ الْحَمْلِ فَلَمْ يُحْمَلْ عَلَيْهِ شَىْءٌ وَسَمَّوْهُ الْحَامِيَ.
وَقَالَ لي أَبُو الْيَمَانِ أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، سَمِعْتُ سَعِيدًا، قَالَ يُخْبِرُهُ بِهَذَا قَالَ وَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَحْوَهُ. وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ الْهَادِ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم.
Bahira is a she-camel whose milk is kept for the idols and nobody is allowed to milk it; Sa'iba was the
she-camel which they used to set free for their gods and nothing was allowed to be carried on it. Abu
Huraira said: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "I saw `Amr bin 'Amir Al-Khuza`i (in a dream) dragging his
intestines in the Fire, and he was the first person to establish the tradition of setting free the animals
(for the sake of their deities)," Wasila is the she-camel which gives birth to a she-camel as its first
delivery, and then gives birth to another she-camel as its second delivery. People (in the Pre-lslamic
periods of ignorance) used to let that she camel loose for their idols if it gave birth to two she-camels
successively without giving birth to a male camel in between. 'Ham' was the male camel which was
used for copulation. When it had finished the number of copulations assigned for it, they would let it
loose for their idols and excuse it from burdens so that nothing would be carried on it, and they called
it the 'Hami.' Abu Huraira said, "I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying so."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 147
Hadith 4624
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Aisha:
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي يَعْقُوبَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْكَرْمَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حَسَّانُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ، رضى الله عنها قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" رَأَيْتُ جَهَنَّمَ يَحْطِمُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا، وَرَأَيْتُ عَمْرًا يَجُرُّ قُصْبَهُ، وَهْوَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ سَيَّبَ السَّوَائِبَ ".
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "I saw Hell and its different portions were consuming each other and saw `Amr
dragging his intestines (in it), and he was the first person to establish the tradition of letting animals
loose (for the idols).
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) delivered a sermon and said, "O people! You will be gathered before Allah barefooted,
naked and not circumcised." Then (quoting Qur'an) he said:--
"As We began the first creation, We shall repeat it. A promise We have undertaken: Truly we shall do
it.." (21.104)
The Prophet (ﷺ) then said, "The first of the human beings to be dressed on the Day of Resurrection, will
be Abraham. Lo! Some men from my followers will be brought and then (the angels) will drive them
to the left side (Hell-Fire). I will say. 'O my Lord! (They are) my companions!' Then a reply will come
(from Almighty), 'You do not know what they did after you.' I will say as the pious slave (the Prophet (ﷺ)
Jesus) said: And I was a witness over them while I dwelt amongst them. When You took me up. You
were the Watcher over them and You are a Witness to all things.' (5.117) Then it will be said, "These
people have continued to be apostates since you left them."
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "You will be gathered (on the Day of Resurrection) and some people will be driven
(by the angels) to the left side (and taken to Hell) whereupon I will say as the pious slave (Jesus) said:-
- "And I was a witness over them while I dwelt amongst them...the ALMIGHTY, the All Wise."
(5.117-118)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The key of the Unseen are five: Verily with Allah (Alone) is the knowledge of
the Hour He sends down the rain and knows what is in the wombs. No soul knows what it will earn
tomorrow, and no soul knows in what land it will die. Verily, Allah is All-Knower, All-Aware."
(31.34)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 151
Hadith 4628
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Jabir:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ {قُلْ هُوَ الْقَادِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابًا مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ} قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أَعُوذُ بِوَجْهِكَ ". قَالَ {أَوْ مِنْ تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِكُمْ} قَالَ " أَعُوذُ بِوَجْهِكَ" {أَوْ يَلْبِسَكُمْ شِيَعًا وَيُذِيقَ بَعْضَكُمْ بَأْسَ بَعْضٍ} قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " هَذَا أَهْوَنُ ". أَوْ " هَذَا أَيْسَرُ ".
When this Verse was revealed: "Say: He has power to send torment on you from above." (6.65)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "O Allah! I seek refuge with Your Face (from this punishment)." And when the
verse: "or send torment from below your feet," (was revealed), Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "(O Allah!) I seek
refuge with Your Face (from this punishment)." (But when there was revealed): "Or confuse you in
party strife and make you to taste the violence of one another." (6.65) Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "This is
lighter (or, this is easier).
When:"...and confuse not their belief with wrong." (6.82) was revealed, the Prophet's companions
said, "Which of us has not done wrong?" Then there was revealed:-- "Verily joining others in worship
with Allah is a tremendous wrong indeed." (31.13)
That he asked Ibn `Abbas, "Is there a prostration Surat-al-Sa`d?" (38.24) Ibn `Abbas said, "Yes," and
then recited: "We gave...So follow their guidance." (6.85,90) Then he said, "He (David ) is one them
(i.e. those prophets)." Mujahid narrated: I asked Ibn `Abbas (regarding the above Verse). He said,
"Your Prophet (Muhammad) was one of those who were ordered to follow them."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 156
Hadith 4633
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah:
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، قَالَ عَطَاءٌ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" قَاتَلَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ، لَمَّا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ شُحُومَهَا جَمَلُوهُ ثُمَّ بَاعُوهُ فَأَكَلُوهَا ".
وَقَالَ أَبُو عَاصِمٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ، كَتَبَ إِلَىَّ عَطَاءٌ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم.
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "May Allah curse the Jews! When Allah forbade them to eat the fat of animals, they
melted it and sold it, and utilized its price! "
`Abdullah (bin Mas`ud) said, "None has more sense of ghaira than Allah therefore - He prohibits
shameful sins (illegal sexual intercourse, etc.) whether committed openly or secretly. And none loves
to be praised more than Allah does, and for this reason He praises Himself." I asked Abu Wali, "Did
you hear it from `Abdullah?" He said, "Yes," I said, "Did `Abdullah ascribe it to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)?" He
said, "Yes."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 158
Hadith 4635
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ، حَدَّثَنَا عُمَارَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ، رضى الله عنه قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" لاَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا، فَإِذَا رَآهَا النَّاسُ آمَنَ مَنْ عَلَيْهَا، فَذَاكَ حِينَ لاَ يَنْفَعُ نَفْسًا إِيمَانُهَا، لَمْ تَكُنْ آمَنَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ ".
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established until the sun rises from the West: and when
the people see it, then whoever will be living on the surface of the earth will have faith, and that is (the
time) when no good will it do to a soul to believe then, if it believed not before." (6.158)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 159
Hadith 4636
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ هَمَّامٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" لاَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا فَإِذَا طَلَعَتْ وَرَآهَا النَّاسُ آمَنُوا أَجْمَعُونَ، وَذَلِكَ حِينَ لاَ يَنْفَعُ نَفْسًا إِيمَانُهَا ". ثُمَّ قَرَأَ الآيَةَ.
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The hour will not be established till the sun rises from the West; and when it
rises (from the West) and the people see it, they all will believe. And that is (the time) when no good
will it do to a soul to believe then." Then he recited the whole Verse (6.158)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "None has more sense of ghaira than Allah, and for this He has forbidden
shameful sins whether committed openly or secretly, and none loves to be praised more than Allah
does, and this is why He Praises Himself."
A man from the Jews, having been slapped on his face, came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O Muhammad!
A man from your companions from the Ansar has slapped me on my face!" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Call
him." When they called him, the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Why did you slap him?" He said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!
While I was passing by the Jews, I heard him saying, 'By Him Who selected Moses above the human
beings,' I said, 'Even above Muhammad?' I became furious and slapped him on the face." The Prophet (ﷺ)
said, "Do not give me superiority over the other prophets, for on the Day of Resurrection the people
will become unconscious and I will be the first to regain consciousness. Then I will see Moses holding
one of the legs of the Throne. I will not know whether he has come to his senses before me or that the
shock he had received at the Mountain, (during his worldly life) was sufficient for him."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 162
Hadith 4639
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Sa`id Ibn Zaid:
حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمٌ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ حُرَيْثٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" الْكَمْأَةُ مِنَ الْمَنِّ وَمَاؤُهَا شِفَاءُ الْعَيْنِ ".
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Al-Kam'a is like the Mann (sweet resin or gum) (in that it grows naturally without
human care) and its water is a cure for the eye diseases."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 163
Hadith 4640
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Ad-Darda:
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَمُوسَى بْنُ هَارُونَ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ زَبْرٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي بُسْرُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو إِدْرِيسَ الْخَوْلاَنِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الدَّرْدَاءِ، يَقُولُ كَانَتْ بَيْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ مُحَاوَرَةٌ، فَأَغْضَبَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عُمَرَ، فَانْصَرَفَ عَنْهُ عُمَرُ مُغْضَبًا، فَاتَّبَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرَ لَهُ، فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ حَتَّى أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فِي وَجْهِهِ، فَأَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ وَنَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أَمَّا صَاحِبُكُمْ هَذَا فَقَدْ غَامَرَ ". قَالَ وَنَدِمَ عُمَرُ عَلَى مَا كَانَ مِنْهُ فَأَقْبَلَ حَتَّى سَلَّمَ وَجَلَسَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَقَصَّ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الْخَبَرَ. قَالَ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ وَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَجَعَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَقُولُ وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لأَنَا كُنْتُ أَظْلَمَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " هَلْ أَنْتُمْ تَارِكُو لِي صَاحِبِي هَلْ أَنْتُمْ تَارِكُو لِي صَاحِبِي إِنِّي قُلْتُ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا فَقُلْتُمْ كَذَبْتَ. وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْد اللَّهِ غَامَرَ سَبَقَ بِالْخَيْر".
There was a dispute between Abu Bakr and `Umar, and Abu Bakr made `Umar angry. So `Umar left
angrily. Abu Bakr followed him, requesting him to ask forgiveness (of Allah) for him, but `Umar
refused to do so and closed his door in Abu Bakr's face. So Abu Bakr went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) while
we were with him. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "This friend of yours must have quarrelled (with somebody)."
In the meantime `Umar repented and felt sorry for what he had done, so he came, greeted (those who
were present) and sat with the Prophet (ﷺ) and related the story to him. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) became angry and
Abu Bakr started saying, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! By Allah, I was more at fault (than `Umar)." Allah's
Apostle said, "Are you (people) leaving for me my companion? (Abu Bakr), Are you (people) leaving
for me my companion? When I said, 'O people I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah,' you said,
'You tell a lie.' while Abu Bakr said, 'You have spoken the truth ."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 164
Hadith 4641
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " قِيلَ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ {ادْخُلُوا الْبَابَ سُجَّدًا وَقُولُوا حِطَّةٌ نَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ خَطَايَاكُمْ} فَبَدَّلُوا فَدَخَلُوا يَزْحَفُونَ عَلَى أَسْتَاهِهِمْ وَقَالُوا حَبَّةٌ فِي شَعَرَةٍ ".
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "It was said to the children of Israel, 'Enter the gate in prostration and say
Hitatun. (7.161) We shall forgive you, your faults.' But they changed (Allah's Order) and entered,
dragging themselves on their buttocks and said, 'Habatun (a grain) in a Sha'ratin (hair).
'Uyaina bin Hisn bin Hudhaifa came and stayed with his nephew Al-Hurr bin Qais who was one of
those whom `Umar used to keep near him, as the Qurra' (learned men knowing Qur'an by heart) were
the people of `Umar's meetings and his advisors whether they were old or young. 'Uyaina said to his
nephew, "O son of my brother! You have an approach to this chief, so get for me the permission to see
him." Al-Hurr said, "I will get the permission for you to see him." So Al-Hurr asked the permission
for 'Uyaina and `Umar admitted him. When 'Uyaina entered upon him, he said, "Beware! O the son of
Al-Khattab! By Allah, you neither give us sufficient provision nor judge among us with justice."
Thereupon `Umar became so furious that he intended to harm him, but Al-Hurr said, "O chief of the
Believers! Allah said to His Prophet: "Hold to forgiveness; command what is right; and leave (don't
punish) the foolish." (7.199) and this (i.e. 'Uyaina) is one of the foolish." By Allah, `Umar did not
overlook that Verse when Al-Hurr recited it before him; he observed (the orders of) Allah's Book
strictly.
Regarding the Verse: "Verily! The worst of beasts in the Sight of Allah are the deaf and the dumb----
those who understand not." (8.22)
(The people referred to here) were some persons from the tribe of Bani `Abd-Addar.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 169
Hadith 4647
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Sa`id bin Al-Mu'alla:
حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ، أَخْبَرَنَا رَوْحٌ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ خُبَيْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، سَمِعْتُ حَفْصَ بْنَ عَاصِمٍ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُعَلَّى ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ كُنْتُ أُصَلِّي فَمَرَّ بِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَدَعَانِي فَلَمْ آتِهِ حَتَّى صَلَّيْتُ، ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُهُ فَقَالَ " مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَ أَلَمْ يَقُلِ اللَّهُ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اسْتَجِيبُوا لِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ إِذَا دَعَاكُمْ} ثُمَّ قَالَ لأُعَلِّمَنَّكَ أَعْظَمَ سُورَةٍ فِي الْقُرْآنِ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَخْرُجَ ". فَذَهَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِيَخْرُجَ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ.
وَقَالَ مُعَاذٌ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ خُبَيْبٍ، سَمِعَ حَفْصًا، سَمِعَ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ، رَجُلاً مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِهَذَا، وَقَالَ هِيَ {الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ} السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي.
While I was praying, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) passed me and called me, but I did not go to him until I had
finished the prayer. Then I went to him, and he said, "What prevented you from coming to me? Didn't
Allah say:-- "O you who believe! Answer the call of Allah (by obeying Him) and His Apostle when
He calls you?" He then said, "I will inform you of the greatest Sura in the Qur'an before I leave (the
mosque)." When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got ready to leave (the mosque), I reminded him. He said, "It is:
'Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.' (i.e. Surat-al-Fatiha) As-sab'a Al-Mathani (the seven
repeatedly recited Verses).
Abu Jahl said, "O Allah! If this (Qur'an) is indeed the Truth from You, then rain down on us a shower
of stones from the sky or bring on us a painful torment." So Allah revealed:-- "But Allah would not
punish them while you were amongst them, nor He will punish them while they seek (Allah's)
forgiveness..." (8.33) And why Allah should not punish them while they turn away (men) from Al-
Masjid-al-Haram (the Sacred Mosque of Mecca)..." (8.33-34)
Abu Jahl said, "O Allah! If this (Qur'an) is indeed the Truth from You), then rain down on us a shower
of stones from the sky or bring on us a painful punishment." So there was revealed:-- 'But Allah
would not punish them while you (Muhammad) were amongst them, nor will He punish them while
they seek (Allah's) Forgiveness. And why Allah should not punish them while they stop (men) from
Al-Masjid-al-Haram ..' (8.33-34)
That a man came to him (while two groups of Muslims were fighting) and said, "O Abu `Abdur
Rahman! Don't you hear what Allah has mentioned in His Book:
'And if two groups of believers fight against each other...' (49.9)
So what prevents you from fighting as Allah has mentioned in His Book?"' Ibn `Umar said, "O son of
my brother! I would rather be blamed for not fighting because of this Verse than to be blamed because
of another Verse where Allah says:
'And whoever kills a believer intentionally..." (4.93) Then that man said, "Allah says:-- 'And fight
them until there is no more afflictions (worshipping other besides Allah) and the religion (i.e.
worship) will be all for Allah (Alone)" (8.39) Ibn `Umar said, "We did this during the lifetime of
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) when the number of Muslims was small, and a man was put to trial because of his
religion, the pagans would either kill or chain him; but when the Muslims increased (and Islam
spread), there was no persecution." When that man saw that Ibn `Umar did not agree to his proposal,
he said, "What is your opinion regarding `Ali and `Uthman?" Ibn `Umar said, "What is my opinion
regarding `Ali and `Uthman? As for `Uthman, Allah forgave him and you disliked to forgive him, and
`Ali is the cousin and son-in-law of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ." Then he pointed out with his hand and said,
"And that is his daughter's (house) which you can see."
Ibn `Umar came to us and a man said (to him), "What do you think about 'Qit-alal-Fitnah' (fighting
caused by afflictions)." Ibn `Umar said (to him), "And do you understand what an affliction is?
Muhammad used to fight against the pagans, and his fighting with them was an affliction, (and his
fighting was) not like your fighting which is carried on for the sake of ruling."
When the Verse:-- "If there are twenty steadfast amongst you, they will overcome two hundred."
(8.65) was revealed, then it became obligatory for the Muslims that one (Muslim) should not flee from
ten (non-Muslims). Sufyan (the sub-narrator) once said, "Twenty (Muslims) should not flee before
two hundred (non Muslims)." Then there was revealed: 'But now Allah has lightened your (task)..'
(8.66)
So it became obligatory that one-hundred (Muslims) should not flee before two hundred (nonmuslims).
(Once Sufyan said extra, "The Verse: 'Urge the believers to the fight. If there are twenty
steadfast amongst you (Muslims) ..' was revealed.) Sufyan said, "Ibn Shabrama said, "I see that this
order is applicable to the obligation of enjoining good and forbidding evil."
When the Verse:--'If there are twenty steadfast amongst you (Muslims), they will overcome twohundred
(non-Muslims).' was revealed, it became hard on the Muslims when it became compulsory
that one Muslim ought not to flee (in war) before ten (non-Muslims). So (Allah) lightened the order by
revealing:
'(But) now Allah has lightened your (task) for He knows that there is weakness in you. So if there are
of you one-hundred steadfast, they will overcome (two-hundred (non-Muslims).' (8.66) So when
Allah reduced the number of enemies which Muslims should withstand, their patience and
perseverance against the enemy decreased as much as their task was lightened for them.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 176
Hadith 4654
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Al-Bara:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الْبَرَاءَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ يَقُولُ آخِرُ آيَةٍ نَزَلَتْ {يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلاَلَةِ} وَآخِرُ سُورَةٍ نَزَلَتْ بَرَاءَةٌ.
The last Verse that was revealed was:
'They ask you for a legal verdict: Say: Allah directs (thus) about Al-Kalalah (those who leave no
descendants or ascendants as heirs).' And the last Sura which was revealed was Baraatun (9) .
Abu Huraira said, "During that Hajj (in which Abu Bakr was the chief of the pilgrims) Abu Bakr sent
me along with announcers on the Day of Nahr ( 10th of Dhul-Hijja) in Mina to announce: "No pagans
shall perform, Hajj after this year, and none shall perform the Tawaf around the Ka`ba in a naked
state." Humaid bin `Abdur Rahman added: Then Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent `Ali bin Abi Talib (after Abu
Bakr) and ordered him to recite aloud in public Surat Bara'a. Abu Huraira added, "So `Ali, along with
us, recited Bara'a (loudly) before the people at Mina on the Day of Nahr and announced; "No pagan
shall perform Hajj after this year and none shall perform the Tawaf around the Ka`ba in a naked
state."
Abu Huraira said, "Abu Bakr sent me in that Hajj in which he was the chief of the pilgrims along with
the announcers whom he sent on the Day of Nahr to announce at Mina: "No pagan shall perform Hajj
after this year, and none shall perform the Tawaf around the Ka`ba in a naked state." Humaid added:
That the Prophet (ﷺ) sent `Ali bin Abi Talib (after Abu Bakr) and ordered him to recite aloud in public
Surat-Baraa. Abu Huraira added, "So `Ali, along with us, recited Bara'a (loudly) before the people at
Mina on the Day of Nahr and announced "No pagan shall perform Hajj after this year and none shall
perform the Tawaf around the Ka`ba in a naked state."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 179
Hadith 4657
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Humaid bin `Abdur-Rahman:
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ، حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، عَنْ صَالِحٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَنَّ حُمَيْدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ بَعَثَهُ فِي الْحَجَّةِ الَّتِي أَمَّرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَيْهَا قَبْلَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ فِي رَهْطٍ يُؤَذِّنُ فِي النَّاسِ أَنْ لاَ يَحُجَّنَّ بَعْدَ الْعَامِ مُشْرِكٌ وَلاَ يَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ. فَكَانَ حُمَيْدٌ يَقُولُ يَوْمُ النَّحْرِ يَوْمُ الْحَجِّ الأَكْبَرِ. مِنْ أَجْلِ حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ.
Abu Huraira said that Abu Bakr sent him during the Hajj in which Abu Bakr was made the chief of
the pilgrims by Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) before (the year of) Hajjat al-Wada` in a group (of announcers) to
announce before the people; 'No pagan shall perform the Hajj after this year, and none shall perform
the Tawaf around the Ka`ba in a naked state. Humaid used to say The Day of Nahr is the day of Al-
Hajj Al-Akbar (the Greatest Day) because of the narration of Abu Huraira.
We were with Hudhaifa and he said, "None remains of the people described by this Verse (9.12),
"Except three, and of the hypocrites except four." A bedouin said, "You the companions of
Muhammad! Tell us (things) and we do not know that about those who break open our houses and
steal our precious things? ' He (Hudhaifa) replied, "Those are Al Fussaq (rebellious wrongdoers) (not
disbelievers or hypocrites). Really, none remains of them (hypocrite) but four, one of whom is a very
old man who, if he drinks water, does not feel its coldness."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 181
Hadith 4659
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزِّنَادِ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ الأَعْرَجَ، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّهُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ
" يَكُونُ كَنْزُ أَحَدِكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ شُجَاعًا أَقْرَعَ ".
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Kanz (money, the Zakat of which is not paid) of anyone of you will appear
in the form of bald-headed poisonous male snake on the Day of Resurrection."
I passed by (visited ) Abu Dhar at Ar-Rabadha and said to him, "What has brought you to this land?"
He said, "We were at Sham and I recited the Verse: "They who hoard up gold and silver and spend
them not in the way of Allah; announce to them a painful torment, " (9.34) where upon Muawiya
said, 'This Verse is not for us, but for the people of the Scripture.' Then I said, 'But it is both for us
(Muslim) and for them.' "
We
went out with 'Abdullãh bin 'Umar and he
said, "This (Verse) was revealed before the
prescription of Zakat, and when Zakãt was
prescribed, Allah made it a means of
purifying one's wealth."
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Time has come back to its original state which it had when Allah created the
Heavens and the Earth; the year is twelve months, four of which are sacred. Three of them are in
succession; Dhul-Qa'da, Dhul-Hijja and Al-Muharram, and (the fourth being) Rajab Mudar (named
after the tribe of Mudar as they used to respect this month) which stands between Jumad (ath-thani)
and Sha'ban."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 184
Hadith 4663
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Bakr:
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَبَّانُ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، حَدَّثَنَا ثَابِتٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي الْغَارِ، فَرَأَيْتُ آثَارَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ رَفَعَ قَدَمَهُ رَآنَا. قَالَ
" مَا ظَنُّكَ بِاثْنَيْنِ اللَّهُ ثَالِثُهُمَا ".
I was in the company of the Prophet (ﷺ) in the cave, and on seeing the traces of the pagans, I said, "O
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) If one of them (pagans) should lift up his foot, he will see us." He said, "What do you
think of two, the third of whom is Allah?"
When there happened the disagreement between Ibn Az-Zubair and Ibn `Abbas, I said (to the latter),
"(Why don't you take the oath of allegiance to him as) his father is Az-Zubair, and his mother is
Asma,' and his aunt is `Aisha, and his maternal grandfather is Abu Bakr, and his grandmother is
Safiya?"
There was a disagreement between them (i.e. Ibn `Abbas and Ibn Az-Zubair) so I went to Ibn `Abbas
in the morning and said (to him), "Do you want to fight against Ibn Zubair and thus make lawful what
Allah has made unlawful (i.e. fighting in Meccas?" Ibn `Abbas said, "Allah forbid! Allah ordained
that Ibn Zubair and Bani Umaiya would permit (fighting in Mecca), but by Allah, I will never regard it
as permissible." Ibn `Abbas added. "The people asked me to take the oath of allegiance to Ibn
AzZubair. I said, 'He is really entitled to assume authority for his father, Az-Zubair was the helper of
the Prophet, his (maternal) grandfather, Abu Bakr was (the Prophet's) companion in the cave, his
mother, Asma' was 'Dhatun-Nitaq', his aunt, `Aisha was the mother of the Believers, his paternal aunt,
Khadija was the wife of the Prophet (ﷺ) , and the paternal aunt of the Prophet (ﷺ) was his grandmother. He
himself is pious and chaste in Islam, well versed in the Knowledge of the Qur'an. By Allah! (Really, I
left my relatives, Bani Umaiya for his sake though) they are my close relatives, and if they should be
my rulers, they are equally apt to be so and are descended from a noble family.
We entered upon Ibn `Abbas and he said "Are you not astonished at Ibn Az-Zubair's assuming the
caliphate?" I said (to myself), "I will support him and speak of his good traits as I did not do even for
Abu Bakr and `Umar though they were more entitled to receive al I good than he was." I said "He (i.e
Ibn Az-Zubair) is the son of the aunt of the Prophet (ﷺ) and the son of AzZubair, and the grandson of Abu
Bakr and the son of Khadija's brother, and the son of `Aisha's sister." Nevertheless, he considers
himself to be superior to me and does not want me to be one of his friends. So I said, "I never
expected that he would refuse my offer to support him, and I don't think he intends to do me any good,
therefore, if my cousins should inevitably be my rulers, it will be better for me to be ruled by them
than by some others."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 188
Hadith 4667
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Sa`id:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نُعْمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيد ٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ بُعِثَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِشَىْءٍ، فَقَسَمَهُ بَيْنَ أَرْبَعَةٍ وَقَالَ " أَتَأَلَّفُهُمْ ". فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مَا عَدَلْتَ. فَقَالَ " يَخْرُجُ مِنْ ضِئْضِئِ هَذَا قَوْمٌ يَمْرُقُونَ مِنَ الدِّينِ ".
Something was sent to the Prophet (ﷺ) and he distributed it amongst four (men) and said, "I want to attract
their hearts,(to Islam thereby)," A man said (to the Prophet (ﷺ) ), "You have not done justice." Thereupon
the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "There will emerge from the offspring of this (man) some people who will renounce
the religion."
When we were ordered to give alms, we began to work as porters (to earn something we could give in
charity). Abu `Aqil came with one half of a Sa` (special measure for food grains) and another person
brought more than he did. So the hypocrites said, "Allah is not in need of the alms of this (i.e. Abu `Aqil);
and this other person did not give alms but for showing off." Then Allah revealed:--
'Those who criticize such of the Believers who give charity voluntarily and those who could not find
to give in charity except what is available to them.' (9.79)
Abu Mas`ud Al-Ansari said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), used to order us to give alms. So one of us would exert
himself to earn one Mud (special measure of wheat or dates, etc.,) to give in charity; while today one
of us may have one hundred thousand." Shaqiq said: As if Abu Masud referred to himself.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 191
Hadith 4670
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ جَاءَ ابْنُهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَسَأَلَهُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ قَمِيصَهُ يُكَفِّنُ فِيهِ أَبَاهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ، ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِيُصَلِّيَ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ فَأَخَذَ بِثَوْبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ وَقَدْ نَهَاكَ رَبُّكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِنَّمَا خَيَّرَنِي اللَّهُ فَقَالَ {اسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ أَوْ لاَ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ إِنْ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً} وَسَأَزِيدُهُ عَلَى السَّبْعِينَ ". قَالَ إِنَّهُ مُنَافِقٌ. قَالَ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {وَلاَ تُصَلِّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ مَاتَ أَبَدًا وَلاَ تَقُمْ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ}.
When `Abdullah bin 'Ubai died, his son `Abdullah bin `Abdullah came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and asked
him to give him his shirt in order to shroud his father in it. He gave it to him and then `Abdullah asked
the Prophet (ﷺ) to offer the funeral prayer for him (his father). Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got up to offer the funeral
prayer for him, but `Umar got up too and got hold of the garment of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said, "O
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) Will you offer the funeral prayer for him though your Lord has forbidden you to offer
the prayer for him" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "But Allah has given me the choice by saying:
'(Whether you) ask forgiveness for them, or do not ask forgiveness for them; even if you ask
forgiveness for them seventy times..' (9.80) so I will ask more than seventy times." `Umar said, "But
he (`Abdullah bin 'Ubai) is a hypocrite!" However, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) did offer the funeral prayer for him
whereupon Allah revealed:
'And never (O Muhammad) pray for anyone of them that dies, nor stand at his grave.' (9.84)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 192
Hadith 4671
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Umar bin Al-Khattab:
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ،. وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ حَدَّثَنِي اللَّيْثُ، حَدَّثَنِي عُقَيْلٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَمَّا مَاتَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَىٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ دُعِيَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِيُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَثَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ، فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَتُصَلِّي عَلَى ابْنِ أُبَىٍّ وَقَدْ قَالَ يَوْمَ كَذَا كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ أُعَدِّدُ عَلَيْهِ قَوْلَهُ، فَتَبَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَقَالَ " أَخِّرْ عَنِّي يَا عُمَرُ ". فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرْتُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ " إِنِّي خُيِّرْتُ فَاخْتَرْتُ، لَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنِّي إِنْ زِدْتُ عَلَى السَّبْعِينَ يُغْفَرْ لَهُ لَزِدْتُ عَلَيْهَا ". قَالَ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَلَمْ يَمْكُثْ إِلاَّ يَسِيرًا حَتَّى نَزَلَتِ الآيَتَانِ مِنْ بَرَاءَةَ {وَلاَ تُصَلِّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ مَاتَ أَبَدًا} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ} قَالَ فَعَجِبْتُ بَعْدُ مِنْ جُرْأَتِي عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَاللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ.
When `Abdullah bin Ubai bin Salul died, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was called in order to offer the funeral
prayer for him. When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got up (to offer the prayer) I jumped towards him and said, "O
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Do you offer the prayer for Ibn Ubai although he said so-and-so on such-and-such-a
day?" I went on mentioning his sayings. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) smiled and said, "Keep away from me, O
`Umar!" But when I spoke too much to him, he said, "I have been given the choice, and I have chosen
(this) ; and if I knew that if I asked forgiveness for him more than seventy times, he would be for
given, I would ask it for more times than that." So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) offered the funeral prayer for him
and then left, but he did not stay long before the two Verses of Surat-Bara'a were revealed, i.e.:-- 'And
never (O Muhammad) pray for anyone of them that dies.... and died in a state of rebellion.' (9.84)
Later I was astonished at my daring to speak like that to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Allah and His Apostle
know best.
When `Abdullah bin Ubai died, his son `Abdullah bin `Abdullah came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) who gave
his shirt to him and ordered him to shroud his father in it. Then he stood up to offer the funeral prayer
for the deceased, but `Umar bin Al-Khattab took hold of his garment and said, "Do you offer the
funeral prayer for him though he was a hypocrite and Allah has forbidden you to ask forgiveness for
hypocrites?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Allah has given me the choice (or Allah has informed me) saying:
"Whether you, O Muhammad, ask forgiveness for them, or do not ask forgiveness for them, even if
you ask forgiveness for them seventy times, Allah will not forgive them," (9.80) The he added, "I will
(appeal to Allah for his sake) more than seventy times." So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) offered the funeral prayer
for him and we too, offered the prayer along with him. Then Allah revealed: "And never, O
Muhammad, pray (funeral prayer) for anyone of them that dies, nor stand at his grave. Certainly they
disbelieved in Allah and His Apostle and died in a state of rebellion." (9.84)
I heard Ka`b bin Malik at the time he remained behind and did not join (the battle of) Tabuk, saying,
"By Allah, no blessing has Allah bestowed upon me, besides my guidance to Islam, better than that of
helping me speak the truth to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) otherwise I would have told the Prophet (ﷺ) a lie and would
have been ruined like those who had told a lie when the Divine Inspiration was revealed:-- "They will
swear by Allah to you (Muslims) when you return to them.. the rebellious people." (9.95-96)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Tonight two (visitors) came to me (in my dream) and took me to a town built
with gold bricks and silver bricks. There we met men who, half of their bodies, look like the mosthandsome
human beings you have ever seen, and the other half, the ugliest human beings you have
ever seen. Those two visitors said to those men, 'Go and dip yourselves in that river. So they dipped
themselves therein and then came to us, their ugliness having disappeared and they were in the mosthandsome
shape. The visitors said, 'The first is the Garden of Eden and that is your dwelling place.'
Then they added, 'As for those people who were half ugly and half handsome, they were those who
mixed good deeds and bad deeds, but Allah forgave them."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 196
Hadith 4675
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Al-Musaiyab:
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ لَمَّا حَضَرَتْ أَبَا طَالِبٍ الْوَفَاةُ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَعِنْدَهُ أَبُو جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أَىْ عَمِّ قُلْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ. أُحَاجُّ لَكَ بِهَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ ". فَقَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ يَا أَبَا طَالِبٍ، أَتَرْغَبُ عَنْ مِلَّةِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لأَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ لَكَ مَا لَمْ أُنْهَ عَنْكَ ". فَنَزَلَتْ {مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا أُولِي قُرْبَى مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ}
When Abu Talib's death approached, the Prophet (ﷺ) went to him while Abu Jahl and `Abdullah bin Abi
Umaiya were present with him. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "O uncle, say: None has the right to be worshipped
except Allah, so that I may argue for your case with it before Allah." On that, Abu Jahl and `Abdullah
bin Abu Umaiya said, "O Abu Talib! Do you want to renounce `Abdul Muttalib's religion?" Then the
Prophet said, "I will keep on asking (Allah for) forgiveness for you unless I am forbidden to do so."
Then there was revealed:--
'It is not fitting for the Prophet (ﷺ) and those who believe that they should invoke (Allah) for forgiveness
for pagans even though they be of kin, after it has become clear to them that they are companions of
the Fire.' (9.113)
I heard Ka`b bin Malik talking about the Verse:-- 'And to the three (He also forgave) who remained
behind.' (9.118) saying in the last portion of his talk, "(I said), 'As a part (sign) of my repentance, I
would like to give up all my property in the cause of Allah and His Apostle,' The Prophet (ﷺ) said to me,
'Keep some of your wealth as it is good for you." (To the three (He also forgave) who remained
behind till for them the earth, vast as it is, was straitened..." (9.118)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 198
Hadith 4677
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Abdullah bin Ka`b:
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي شُعَيْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ أَعْيَنَ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ، أَنَّ الزُّهْرِيَّ، حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي كَعْبَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ،، وَهْوَ أَحَدُ الثَّلاَثَةِ الَّذِينَ تِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَتَخَلَّفْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا قَطُّ غَيْرَ غَزْوَتَيْنِ غَزْوَةِ الْعُسْرَةِ وَغَزْوَةِ بَدْرٍ. قَالَ فَأَجْمَعْتُ صِدْقَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ضُحًى، وَكَانَ قَلَّمَا يَقْدَمُ مِنْ سَفَرٍ سَافَرَهُ إِلاَّ ضُحًى وَكَانَ يَبْدَأُ بِالْمَسْجِدِ، فَيَرْكَعُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ، وَنَهَى النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ كَلاَمِي وَكَلاَمِ صَاحِبَىَّ، وَلَمْ يَنْهَ عَنْ كَلاَمِ أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُتَخَلِّفِينَ غَيْرِنَا، فَاجْتَنَبَ النَّاسُ كَلاَمَنَا، فَلَبِثْتُ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى طَالَ عَلَىَّ الأَمْرُ، وَمَا مِنْ شَىْءٍ أَهَمُّ إِلَىَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَمُوتَ فَلاَ يُصَلِّي عَلَىَّ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَوْ يَمُوتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَكُونَ مِنَ النَّاسِ بِتِلْكَ الْمَنْزِلَةِ، فَلاَ يُكَلِّمُنِي أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ، وَلاَ يُصَلِّي عَلَىَّ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَوْبَتَنَا عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حِينَ بَقِيَ الثُّلُثُ الآخِرُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عِنْدَ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ، وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ مُحْسِنَةً فِي شَأْنِي مَعْنِيَّةً فِي أَمْرِي، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ تِيبَ عَلَى كَعْبٍ ". قَالَتْ أَفَلاَ أُرْسِلُ إِلَيْهِ فَأُبَشِّرَهُ قَالَ " إِذًا يَحْطِمَكُمُ النَّاسُ فَيَمْنَعُونَكُمُ النَّوْمَ سَائِرَ اللَّيْلَةِ ". حَتَّى إِذَا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم صَلاَةَ الْفَجْرِ آذَنَ بِتَوْبَةِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْنَا، وَكَانَ إِذَا اسْتَبْشَرَ اسْتَنَارَ وَجْهُهُ حَتَّى كَأَنَّهُ قِطْعَةٌ مِنَ الْقَمَرِ، وَكُنَّا أَيُّهَا الثَّلاَثَةُ الَّذِينَ خُلِّفُوا عَنِ الأَمْرِ الَّذِي قُبِلَ مِنْ هَؤُلاَءِ الَّذِينَ اعْتَذَرُوا حِينَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ لَنَا التَّوْبَةَ، فَلَمَّا ذُكِرَ الَّذِينَ كَذَبُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنَ الْمُتَخَلِّفِينَ، وَاعْتَذَرُوا بِالْبَاطِلِ، ذُكِرُوا بِشَرِّ مَا ذُكِرَ بِهِ أَحَدٌ قَالَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ {يَعْتَذِرُونَ إِلَيْكُمْ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ قُلْ لاَ تَعْتَذِرُوا لَنْ نُؤْمِنَ لَكُمْ قَدْ نَبَّأَنَا اللَّهُ مِنْ أَخْبَارِكُمْ وَسَيَرَى اللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمْ وَرَسُولُهُ} الآيَةَ.
I heard Ka`b bin Malik who was one of the three who were forgiven, saying that he had never
remained behind Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in any Ghazwa which he had fought except two Ghazwat Ghazwat-
Al-`Usra (Tabuk) and Ghazwat-Badr. He added. "I decided to tell the truth to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in the
forenoon, and scarcely did he return from a journey he made, except in the forenoon, he would go first
to the mosque and offer a two-rak`at prayer.
The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade others to speak to me or to my two companions, but he did not prohibit speaking
to any of those who had remained behind excepting us. So the people avoided speaking to us, and I
stayed in that state till I could no longer bear it, and the only thing that worried me was that I might
die and the Prophet (ﷺ) would not offer the funeral prayer for me, or Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) might die and I
would be left in that social status among the people that nobody would speak to me or offer the
funeral prayer for me. But Allah revealed His Forgiveness for us to the Prophet (ﷺ) in the last third of the
night while Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was with Um Salama. Um Salama sympathized with me and helped me in
my disaster. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'O Um Salama! Ka`b has been forgiven!'
She said, 'Shall I send someone to him to give him the good tidings?' He said, 'If you did so, the
people would not let you sleep the rest of the night.' So when the Prophet (ﷺ) had offered the Fajr prayer,
he announced Allah's Forgiveness for us. His face used to look as bright as a piece of the (full) moon
whenever he was pleased. When Allah revealed His Forgiveness for us, we were the three whose case
had been deferred while the excuse presented by those who had apologized had been accepted. But
when there were mentioned those who had told the Prophet (ﷺ) lies and remained behind (the battle of
Tabuk) and had given false excuses, they were described with the worse description one may be
described with. Allah said: 'They will present their excuses to you (Muslims) when you return to
them. Say: Present no excuses; we shall not believe you. Allah has already informed us of the true
state of matters concerning you. Allah and His Apostle will observe your actions." (9.94)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 199
Hadith 4678
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Abdullah bin Ka`b:
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ـ وَكَانَ قَائِدَ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ـ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ كَعْبَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ، يُحَدِّثُ حِينَ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْ قِصَّةِ، تَبُوكَ. فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا أَبْلاَهُ اللَّهُ فِي صِدْقِ الْحَدِيثِ أَحْسَنَ مِمَّا أَبْلاَنِي، مَا تَعَمَّدْتُ مُنْذُ ذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِلَى يَوْمِي هَذَا كَذِبًا، وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم {لَقَدْ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ}
I heard Ka`b bin Malik talking about the story of the battle of Tabuk when he remained behind, "By
Allah, I do not know anyone whom Allah has helped for telling the truth more than me since I
mentioned that truth to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) till today, I have never intended to tell a lie. And Allah
revealed to His Apostle: "Verily! Allah has forgiven the Prophet, the Muhajirin............ and be with
those who are true (in words and deeds)." (9.117-119) (See Hadith No. 702 Vol 5).
who was one of those who used to write the Divine Revelation: Abu Bakr sent for me after the
(heavy) casualties among the warriors (of the battle) of Yamama (where a great number of Qurra'
were killed). `Umar was present with Abu Bakr who said, `Umar has come to me and said, The people
have suffered heavy casualties on the day of (the battle of) Yamama, and I am afraid that there will be
more casualties among the Qurra' (those who know the Qur'an by heart) at other battle-fields, whereby
a large part of the Qur'an may be lost, unless you collect it. And I am of the opinion that you should
collect the Qur'an." Abu Bakr added, "I said to `Umar, 'How can I do something which Allah's
Apostle has not done?' `Umar said (to me), 'By Allah, it is (really) a good thing.' So `Umar kept on
pressing, trying to persuade me to accept his proposal, till Allah opened my bosom for it and I had the
same opinion as `Umar." (Zaid bin Thabit added:) `Umar was sitting with him (Abu Bakr) and was
not speaking. me). "You are a wise young man and we do not suspect you (of telling lies or of
forgetfulness): and you used to write the Divine Inspiration for Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). Therefore, look for
the Qur'an and collect it (in one manuscript). " By Allah, if he (Abu Bakr) had ordered me to shift one
of the mountains (from its place) it would not have been harder for me than what he had ordered me
concerning the collection of the Qur'an. I said to both of them, "How dare you do a thing which the
Prophet has not done?" Abu Bakr said, "By Allah, it is (really) a good thing. So I kept on arguing with
him about it till Allah opened my bosom for that which He had opened the bosoms of Abu Bakr and
`Umar. So I started locating Qur'anic material and collecting it from parchments, scapula, leaf-stalks
of date palms and from the memories of men (who knew it by heart). I found with Khuza`ima two
Verses of Surat-at-Tauba which I had not found with anybody else, (and they were):--
"Verily there has come to you an Apostle (Muhammad) from amongst yourselves. It grieves him that
you should receive any injury or difficulty He (Muhammad) is ardently anxious over you (to be
rightly guided)" (9.128)
The manuscript on which the Qur'an was collected, remained with Abu Bakr till Allah took him unto
Him, and then with `Umar till Allah took him unto Him, and finally it remained with Hafsa, `Umar's
daughter.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 201
Hadith 4680
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا غُنْدَرٌ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم الْمَدِينَةَ وَالْيَهُودُ تَصُومُ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالُوا هَذَا يَوْمٌ ظَهَرَ فِيهِ مُوسَى عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم لأَصْحَابِهِ
" أَنْتُمْ أَحَقُّ بِمُوسَى مِنْهُمْ، فَصُومُوا ".
When the Prophet (ﷺ) arrived at Medina, the Jews were observing the fast on 'Ashura' (10th of Muharram)
and they said, "This is the day when Moses became victorious over Pharaoh," On that, the Prophet (ﷺ)
said to his companions, "You (Muslims) have more right to celebrate Moses' victory than they have,
so observe the fast on this day."
That he heard Ibn `Abbas reciting: "No doubt! They fold up their breasts." (11.5) and asked him
about its explanation. He said, "Some people used to hide themselves while answering the call of
nature in an open space lest they be exposed to the sky, and also when they had sexual relation with
their wives in an open space lest they be exposed to the sky, so the above revelation was sent down
regarding them."
Ibn `Abbas recited. "No doubt! They fold up their breasts." I said, "O Abu `Abbas! What is meant by
"They fold up their breasts?" He said, "A man used to feel shy on having sexual relation with his wife
or on answering the call of nature (in an open space) so this Verse was revealed:-- "No doubt! They
fold up their breasts."
Ibn `Abbas recited:-- "No doubt! They fold up their breasts in order to hide from Him. Surely! Even
when they cover themselves with their garments.." (11.5)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Allah said, 'Spend (O man), and I shall spend on you." He also said, "Allah's
Hand is full, and (its fullness) is not affected by the continuous spending night and day." He also said,
"Do you see what He has spent since He created the Heavens and the Earth? Nevertheless, what is in
His Hand is not decreased, and His Throne was over the water; and in His Hand there is the balance
(of justice) whereby He raises and lowers (people).
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 206
Hadith 4685
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Safwan bin Muhriz:
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، وَهِشَامٌ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ مُحْرِزٍ، قَالَ بَيْنَا ابْنُ عُمَرَ يَطُوفُ إِذْ عَرَضَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ـ أَوْ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ عُمَرَ ـ سَمِعْتَ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي النَّجْوَى فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ
" يُدْنَى الْمُؤْمِنُ مِنْ رَبِّهِ ـ وَقَالَ هِشَامٌ يَدْنُو الْمُؤْمِنُ ـ حَتَّى يَضَعَ عَلَيْهِ كَنَفَهُ، فَيُقَرِّرُهُ بِذُنُوبِهِ تَعْرِفُ ذَنْبَ كَذَا يَقُولُ أَعْرِفُ، يَقُولُ رَبِّ أَعْرِفُ مَرَّتَيْنِ، فَيَقُولُ سَتَرْتُهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَأَغْفِرُهَا لَكَ الْيَوْمَ ثُمَّ تُطْوَى صَحِيفَةُ حَسَنَاتِهِ، وَأَمَّا الآخَرُونَ أَوِ الْكُفَّارُ فَيُنَادَى عَلَى رُءُوسِ الأَشْهَادِ هَؤُلاَءِ الَّذِينَ كَذَبُوا عَلَى رَبِّهِمْ ". وَقَالَ شَيْبَانُ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ حَدَّثَنَا صَفْوَانُ.
While Ibn `Umar was performing the Tawaf (around the Ka`ba), a man came up to him and said, "O
Abu `AbdurRahman!" or said, "O Ibn `Umar! Did you hear anything from the Prophet (ﷺ) about An35
Najwa?" Ibn `Umar said, "I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, 'The Believer will be brought near his Lord."
(Hisham, a sub-narrator said, reporting the Prophet's words), "The believer will come near (his Lord)
till his Lord covers him with His screen and makes him confess his sins. (Allah will ask him), 'Do you
know (that you did) 'such-and-such sin?" He will say twice, 'Yes, I do.' Then Allah will say, 'I
concealed it in the world and I forgive it for you today.' Then the record of his good deeds will be
folded up. As for the others, or the disbelievers, it will be announced publicly before the witnesses:
'These are ones who lied against their Lord."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 207
Hadith 4686
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Musa:
حَدَّثَنَا صَدَقَةُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا بُرَيْدُ بْنُ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيُمْلِي لِلظَّالِمِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَخَذَهُ لَمْ يُفْلِتْهُ ". قَالَ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {وَكَذَلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ الْقُرَى وَهْىَ ظَالِمَةٌ إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌ}
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Allah gives respite to the oppressor, but when He takes him over, He never
releases him." Then he recited:--
"Such is the seizure of your Lord when He seizes (population of) towns in the midst of their wrong:
Painful indeed, and severe is His seizure.' (11.102)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 208
Hadith 4687
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn Masud:
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ ـ هُوَ ابْنُ زُرَيْعٍ ـ حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ التَّيْمِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَصَابَ مِنَ امْرَأَةٍ قُبْلَةً، فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَأُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ {وَأَقِمِ الصَّلاَةَ طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ ذَلِكَ ذِكْرَى لِلذَّاكِرِينَ}. قَالَ الرَّجُلُ أَلِيَ هَذِهِ قَالَ
" لِمَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا مِنْ أُمَّتِي ".
A man kissed a woman and then came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and told him of that, so this Divine
Inspiration was revealed to the Prophet (ﷺ) 'And offer Prayers perfectly at the two ends of the day, and in
some hours of the night; (i.e. (five) compulsory prayers). Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds
(small sins) That is a reminder for the mindful.' (11.114) The man said, Is this instruction for me
only?' The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "It is for all those of my followers who encounter a similar situation."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 209
Hadith 4688
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:
وَقَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" الْكَرِيمُ بْنُ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ الْكَرِيمِ يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ".
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The honorable, the son of the honorable the son of the honorable, i.e. Joseph, the
son of Jacob, the son of Isaac, the son of Abraham."
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was asked, "Who are the most honorable of the people?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The most
honorable of them in Allah's Sight are those who keep their duty to Allah and fear Him. They said,
"We do not ask you about that." He said, "Then the most honorable of the people is Joseph, Allah's
prophet, the son of Allah's prophet, the son of Allah's prophet, the son of Allah's Khalil i.e. Abraham)
They said, "We do not ask you about that." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, Do you ask about (the virtues of the
ancestry of the Arabs?" They said, "Yes," He said, "Those who were the best amongst you in the Prelslamic
Period are the best amongst you in Islam if they comprehend (the Islamic religion).
`Urwa bin Az-Zubair, Sa`id bin Al-Musaiyab, 'Al-Qama bin Waqqas and 'Ubaidullah bin `Abdullah
related the narration of `Aisha, the wife the Prophet, when the slanderers had said about her what they
had said and Allah later declared her innocence. Each of them related a part of the narration (wherein)
the Prophet (ﷺ) said (to `Aisha). "If you are innocent, then Allah will declare your innocence: but if you
have committed a sin, then ask for Allah's Forgiveness and repent to him." `Aisha said, "By Allah, I
find no example for my case except that of Joseph's father (when he said), 'So (for me) patience is
most fitting.' " Then Allah revealed the ten Verses:-- "Verily those who spread the slander are a gang
amongst you.." (24.11)
Who was `Aisha's mother: While I was with `Aisha, `Aisha got fever, whereupon the Prophet (ﷺ) said,
"Probably her fever is caused by the story related by the people (about her)." I said, "Yes." Then
`Aisha sat up and said, "My example and your example is similar to that of Jacob and his sons:--'Nay,
but your minds have made up a tale. So (for me) patience is most fitting. It is Allah (alone) Whose
help can be sought against that which you assert.' (12.18)
When the Prophet (ﷺ) realized that the Quraish had delayed in embracing Islam, he said, "O Allah!
Protect me against their evil by afflicting them with seven (years of famine) like the seven years of
(Prophet) Joseph." So they were struck with a year of famine that destroyed everything till they had to
eat bones, and till a man would look towards the sky and see something like smoke between him and
it. Allah said:--
"Then watch you (O Muhammad) for the day when the sky will produce a kind of smoke plainly
visible." (44.10) And Allah further said:-- "Verily! We shall withdraw the punishment a little, Verily
you will return (to disbelief)." (44.15) (Will Allah relieve them from torture on the Day of
Resurrection?) (The punishment of) the smoke had passed and Al-Baltsha (the destruction of the
pagans in the Badr battle) had passed too.
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "May Allah bestow His Mercy on (Prophet) Lot. (When his nation troubled him)
he wished if he could betake himself to some powerful support; and if I were to remain in prison for
the period Joseph had remained, I would surely respond to the call; and we shall have more right (to
be in doubt) than Abraham: When Allah said to him, "Don't you believe?' Abraham said, 'Yes, (I do
believe) but to be stronger in faith; (2.260)
That when he asked `Aisha about the statement of Allah "Until when the Apostles gave up hope (of
their people)." (12.110) she told him (its meaning), `Urwa added, "I said, 'Did they (Apostles) suspect
that they were betrayed (by Allah) or that they were treated as liars by (their people)?' `Aisha said,
'(They suspected) that they were treated as liars by (their people),' I said, 'But they were sure that their
people treated them as liars and it was not a matter of suspicion.' She said, 'Yes, upon my life they
were sure about it.' I said to her. 'So they (Apostles) suspected that they were betrayed (by Allah).' She
said, "Allah forbid! The Apostles never suspected their Lord of such a thing.' I said, 'What about this
Verse then?' She said, 'It is about the Apostles' followers who believed in their Lord and trusted their
Apostles, but the period of trials was prolonged and victory was delayed till the Apostles gave up all
hope of converting those of the people who disbelieved them and the Apostles thought that their
followers treated them as liars; thereupon Allah's help came to them.
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The keys of Unseen are five which none knows but Allah: None knows what
will happen tomorrow but Allah; none knows what is in the wombs (a male child or a female) but
Allah; none knows when it will rain but Allah; none knows at what place one will die; none knows
when the Hour will be established but Allah." (See The Qur'an 31:34.")
While we were with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) he said, "Tell me of a tree which resembles a Muslim man. Its
leaves do not fall and it does not, and does not, and does not, and it gives its fruits every now and
then." It came to my mind that such a tree must be the date palm, but seeing Abu Bakr and `Umar
saying nothing, I disliked to speak. So when they did not say anything, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "It is the
date-palm tree." When we got up (from that place), I said to `Umar, "O my father! By Allah, it came
to my mind that it must be the date palm tree." `Umar said, "What prevented you from speaking" I
replied, "I did not see you speaking, so I misliked to speak or say anything." `Umar then said, "If you
had said it, it would have been dearer to me than so-and-so."
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "When a Muslim is questioned in his grave, he will testify that none has the right
to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), and that is what is meant by
Allah's Statement:--
"Allah will keep firm those who believe with a Word that stands firm in this world and in the
Hereafter." (14.27)
When Ibn `Abbas heard:-- "Have you not seen those who have changed the favor of Allah into
disbelief?" (14.28) he said, "Those were the disbelieving pagans of Mecca."
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "When Allah has ordained some affair in the Heaven, the angels beat with their
wings in obedience to His statement, which sounds like a chain dragged over a rock." (`Ali and other
sub-narrators said, "The sound reaches them.") "Until when fear is banished from their (angels) hearts,
they (angels) say, 'What was it that your Lord said? They say, 'The truth; And He is the Most High,
the Most Great.' (34.23) Then those who gain a hearing by stealing (i.e. devils) will hear Allah's
Statement:-- 'Those who gain a hearing by stealing, (stand one over the other like this).
(Sufyan, to illustrate this, spread the fingers of his right hand and placed them one over the other
horizontally.) A flame may overtake and burn the eavesdropper before conveying the news to the one
below him; or it may not overtake him till he has conveyed it to the one below him, who in his turn,
conveys it to the one below him, and so on till they convey the news to the earth. (Or probably Sufyan
said, "Till the news reaches the earth.") Then the news is inspired to a sorcerer who would add a
hundred lies to it. His prophecy will prove true (as far as the heavenly news is concerned). The people
will say. 'Didn't he tell us that on such-and-such a day, such-and-such a thing will happen? We have
found that is true because of the true news heard from heaven."
The above hadith is also narrated by Abu Huraira, starting: 'When Allah has ordained some affair...') In this narration the word foreteller is added to the word wizard.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 223
Hadith 4702
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْنٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ لأَصْحَابِ الْحِجْرِ
" لاَ تَدْخُلُوا عَلَى هَؤُلاَءِ الْقَوْمِ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَكُونُوا بَاكِينَ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُونُوا بَاكِينَ فَلاَ تَدْخُلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ مِثْلُ مَا أَصَابَهُمْ ".
(While we were going for the Battle of Tabuk and when we reached the places of the dwellers of Al-
Hijr), Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said about the dwellers of Al-Hijr (to us). "Do not enter (the dwelling places) of
these people unless you enter weeping, but if you weep not, then do not enter upon them, lest you be
afflicted with what they were afflicted with."
While I was praying, the Prophet (ﷺ) passed by and called me, but I did not go to him till I had finished
my prayer. When I went to him, he said, "What prevented you from coming?" I said, "I was praying."
He said, "Didn't Allah say" "O you who believes Give your response to Allah (by obeying Him) and
to His Apostle." (8.24) Then he added, "Shall I tell you the most superior Sura in the Qur'an before I
go out of the mosque?" When the Prophet (ﷺ) intended to go out (of the Mosque), I reminded him and he
said, "That is: "Al hamdu-li l-lahi Rabbil-`alamin (Surat-al-fatiha)' which is the seven oft repeated
verses (Al-Mathani) and the Grand Qur'an which has been given to me."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 226
Hadith 4704
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا آدَمُ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ الْمَقْبُرِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" أُمُّ الْقُرْآنِ هِيَ السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي وَالْقُرْآنُ الْعَظِيمُ ".
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Um (substance) of the Qur'an is the seven oft-repeated verses (Al-
Mathaini) and is the Great Qur'an (i.e. Surat-al-Fatiha).
Those who have made their Scripture into parts are the people of the Scripture who divided it into
portions and believed in a part of it and disbelieved the other.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 228
Hadith 4706
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn `Abbas concerning:
حَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي ظَبْيَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ {كَمَا أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَى الْمُقْتَسِمِينَ} قَالَ آمَنُوا بِبَعْضٍ وَكَفَرُوا بِبَعْضٍ، الْيَهُودُ وَالنَّصَارَى.
"As We have sent down (the Scripture) on those who are divided (Jews and Christians)." (15.90) They
believed in part of it and disbelieved in the other, (and they) are the Jews and the Christians.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 229
Hadith 4707
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الأَعْوَرُ، عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ. أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ يَدْعُو
" أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْبُخْلِ وَالْكَسَلِ، وَأَرْذَلِ الْعُمُرِ، وَعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ، وَفِتْنَةِ الدَّجَّالِ، وَفِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ ".
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to invoke thus: "O Allah! I seek refuge with You from miserliness, laziness;
from old geriatric age the punishment in the grave; from the affliction of Ad-Dajjal; and from the
afflictions of life and death.
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was presented with two cups one containing wine and the other milk on the night of
his night journey at Jerusalem. He looked at it and took the milk. Gabriel said, "Thanks to Allah Who
guided you to the Fitra (i.e. Islam); if you had taken the wine, your followers would have gone astray.
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "When the Quraish disbelieved me (concerning my night journey), I stood up in Al-
Hijr (the unroofed portion of the Ka`ba) and Allah displayed Bait-ul-Maqdis before me, and I started
to inform them (Quraish) about its signs while looking at it."
During the Pre-lslamic period of ignorance if any tribe became great in number, we used to say,
"Amira the children of so-and-so." Narrated Al-Humaidi: Sufyan narrated to us something and used the word 'Amira'.
Some (cooked) meat was brought to Allah Apostle and the meat of a forearm was presented to him as
he used to like it. He ate a morsel of it and said, "I will be the chief of all the people on the Day of
Resurrection. Do you know the reason for it?
Allah will gather all the human being of early generations as well as late generation on one plain so
that the announcer will be able to make them all-hear his voice and the watcher will be able to see all
of them. The sun will come so close to the people that they will suffer such distress and trouble as
they will not be able to bear or stand.
Then the people will say, 'Don't you see to what state you have reached? Won't you look for someone
who can intercede for you with your Lord' Some people will say to some others, 'Go to Adam.' So
they will go to Adam and say to him. 'You are the father of mankind; Allah created you with His Own
Hand, and breathed into you of His Spirit (meaning the spirit which he created for you); and ordered
the angels to prostrate before you; so (please) intercede for us with your Lord. Don't you see in what
state we are? Don't you see what condition we have reached?' Adam will say, 'Today my Lord has
become angry as He has never become before, nor will ever become thereafter. He forbade me (to eat
of the fruit of) the tree, but I disobeyed Him . Myself! Myself! Myself! (I am preoccuied with my own
problems). Go to someone else; go to Noah.'
So they will go to Noah and say (to him), 'O Noah! You are the first (of Allah's Messengers) to the
people of the earth, and Allah has named you a thankful slave; please intercede for us with your Lord.
Don't you see in what state we are?' He will say.' Today my Lord has become angry as He has never
become nor will ever become thereafter. I had (in the world) the right to make one definitely accepted
invocation, and I made it against my nation. Myself! Myself! Myself! Go to someone else; go to
Abraham.'
They will go to Abraham and say, 'O Abraham! You are Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and His Khalil from among
the people of the earth; so please intercede for us with your Lord. Don't you see in what state we are?'
He will say to them, 'My Lord has today become angry as He has never become before, nor will ever
become thereafter. I had told three lies (Abu Haiyan (the sub-narrator) mentioned them in the Hadith)
Myself! Myself! Myself! Go to someone else; go to Moses.'
The people will then go to Moses and say, 'O Moses! You art Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Allah gave you
superiority above the others with this message and with His direct Talk to you; (please) intercede for
us with your Lord Don't you see in what state we are?' Moses will say, 'My Lord has today become
angry as He has never become before, nor will become thereafter, I killed a person whom I had not
been ordered to kill. Myself! Myself! Myself! Go to someone else; go to Jesus.'
So they will go to Jesus and say, 'O Jesus! You are Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and His Word which He sent to
Mary, and a superior soul created by Him, and you talked to the people while still young in the cradle.
Please intercede for us with your Lord. Don't you see in what state we are?' Jesus will say. 'My Lord
has today become angry as He has never become before nor will ever become thereafter. Jesus will
not mention any sin, but will say, 'Myself! Myself! Myself! Go to someone else; go to Muhammad.'
So they will come to me and say, 'O Muhammad ! You are Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and the last of the
prophets, and Allah forgave your early and late sins. (Please) intercede for us with your Lord. Don't
you see in what state we are?"
The Prophet (ﷺ) added, "Then I will go beneath Allah's Throne and fall in prostration before my Lord.
And then Allah will guide me to such praises and glorification to Him as He has never guided
anybody else before me. Then it will be said, 'O Muhammad Raise your head. Ask, and it will be
granted. Intercede and It (your intercession) will be accepted.' So I will raise my head and Say, 'My
followers, O my Lord! My followers, O my Lord'. It will be said, 'O Muhammad! Let those of your
followers who have no accounts, enter through such a gate of the gates of Paradise as lies on the right;
and they will share the other gates with the people." The Prophet (ﷺ) further said, "By Him in Whose
Hand my soul is, the distance between every two gate-posts of Paradise is like the distance between
Mecca and Busra (in Sham).
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 236
Hadith 4713
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنْ هَمَّامٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" خُفِّفَ عَلَى دَاوُدَ الْقِرَاءَةُ، فَكَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِدَابَّتِهِ لِتُسْرَجَ، فَكَانَ يَقْرَأُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَفْرُغَ ". يَعْنِي الْقُرْآنَ.
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The recitation of Psalms (David's Qur'an) was made light and easy for David that
he used to have his ridding animal be saddled while he would finish the recitation before the servant
had saddled it."
Regarding the explanation of the Verse: 'Those whom they call upon (worship) (like Jesus the Son of
Mary, angels etc.) desire (for themselves) means of access to their Lord (Allah) as to which of them
should be the nearer and they hope for His Mercy and fear His torment.' (17.57) They themselves (e.g.
Angels, saints, Apostles, Jesus, etc.,) worshipped Allah, Those Jinns who were worshipped by some
Arabs became Muslims (embraced Islam), but those human beings stuck to their (old) religion. Al-
A`mash said extra: 'Say, (O Muhammad): Call unto those besides Him whom you assume (to be
gods).' (17.56)
Regarding the Verse: 'Those whom they call upon (worship) (like Jesus the Son of Mary or angels
etc.) desire (for themselves) means of access, to their Lord....' (17.57) (It was revealed regarding)
some Jinns who used to be worshipped (by human beings). They later embraced Islam (while those
people kept on worshipping them).
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 239
Hadith 4716
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ {وَمَا جَعَلْنَا الرُّؤْيَا الَّتِي أَرَيْنَاكَ إِلاَّ فِتْنَةً لِلنَّاسِ} قَالَ هِيَ رُؤْيَا عَيْنٍ أُرِيَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لَيْلَةَ أُسْرِيَ بِهِ {وَالشَّجَرَةَ الْمَلْعُونَةَ} شَجَرَةُ الزَّقُّومِ.
Regarding: 'And We granted the vision (Ascension to the Heaven "Miraj") which We showed you (O
Muhammad as an actual eye witness) but as a trial for mankind.' (17.60) It was an actual eyewitness
which was shown to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) during the night he was taken on a journey (through the
heavens). And the cursed tree is the tree of Az-Zaqqum (a bitter pungent tree which grows at the
bottom of Hell).
Abu Huraira said, "The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'A prayer performed in congregation is twenty-five times more
superior in reward to a prayer performed by a single person. The angels of the night and the angels of
the day are assembled at the time of the Fajr (Morning) prayer." Abu Huraira added, "If you wish,
you can recite:-- 'Verily! The recitation of the Qur'an in the early dawn (Morning prayer) is ever
witnessed (attended by the angels of the day and the night).' (17.78)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 241
Hadith 4718
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
حَدَّثَنِي إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ آدَمَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ، رضى الله عنهما يَقُولُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ يَصِيرُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ جُثًا، كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ تَتْبَعُ نَبِيَّهَا، يَقُولُونَ يَا فُلاَنُ اشْفَعْ، حَتَّى تَنْتَهِيَ الشَّفَاعَةُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَذَلِكَ يَوْمَ يَبْعَثُهُ اللَّهُ الْمَقَامَ الْمَحْمُودَ.
On the Day of Resurrection the people will fall on their knees and every nation will follow their
prophet and they will say, "O so-and-so! Intercede (for us with Allah), "till (the right) intercession is
given to the Prophet (Muhammad) and that will be the day when Allah will raise him into a station of
praise and glory (i.e. Al-Maqam -al-Mahmud).
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 242
Hadith 4719
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah:
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعَيْبُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" مَنْ قَالَ حِينَ يَسْمَعُ النِّدَاءَ اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ هَذِهِ الدَّعْوَةِ التَّامَّةِ وَالصَّلاَةِ الْقَائِمَةِ، آتِ مُحَمَّدًا الْوَسِيلَةَ وَالْفَضِيلَةَ، وَابْعَثْهُ مَقَامًا مَحْمُودًا الَّذِي وَعَدْتَهُ، حَلَّتْ لَهُ شَفَاعَتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ". رَوَاهُ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم.
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Whoever, after listening to the Adhan (for the prayer) says, 'O Allah, the Lord
of this complete call and of this prayer, which is going to be established! Give Muhammad Al-Wasila
and Al-Fadila and raise him to Al-Maqam-al-Mahmud which You have promised him,' will be granted
my intercession for him on the Day of Resurrection."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 243
Hadith 4720
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Abdullah bin Masud:
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مَعْمَرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ دَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَكَّةَ وَحَوْلَ الْبَيْتِ سِتُّونَ وَثَلاَثُمِائَةِ نُصُبٍ فَجَعَلَ يَطْعُنُهَا بِعُودٍ فِي يَدِهِ وَيَقُولُ {جَاءَ الْحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ إِنَّ الْبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقًا} {جَاءَ الْحَقُّ وَمَا يُبْدِئُ الْبَاطِلُ وَمَا يُعِيدُ}
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) entered Mecca (in the year of the Conquest) and there were three-hundred and sixty
idols around the Ka`ba. He then started hitting them with a stick in his hand and say: 'Truth (i.e.
Islam) has come and falsehood (disbelief) vanished. Truly falsehood (disbelief) is ever bound to
vanish.' (17.81) 'Truth has come and falsehood (Iblis) can not create anything.' (34.49)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 244
Hadith 4721
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Abdullah:
حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ بَيْنَا أَنَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي حَرْثٍ وَهْوَ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى عَسِيبٍ إِذْ مَرَّ الْيَهُودُ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ سَلُوهُ عَنِ الرُّوحِ، فَقَالَ مَا رَابَكُمْ إِلَيْهِ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لاَ يَسْتَقْبِلُكُمْ بِشَىْءٍ تَكْرَهُونَهُ فَقَالُوا سَلُوهُ فَسَأَلُوهُ عَنِ الرُّوحِ فَأَمْسَكَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا، فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ، فَقُمْتُ مَقَامِي، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ الْوَحْىُ قَالَ {وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الرُّوحِ قُلِ الرُّوحُ مِنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّي وَمَا أُوتِيتُمْ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً}.
While I was in the company of the Prophet (ﷺ) on a farm and he was reclining on a palm leave stalk, some
Jews passed by. Some of them said to the others. "Ask him (the Prophet (ﷺ) about the spirit." Some of
them said, "What urges you to ask him about it" Others said, "(Don't) lest he should give you a reply
which you dislike." But they said, "Ask him." So they asked him about the Spirit. The Prophet (ﷺ) kept
quiet and did not give them any answer. I knew that he was being divinely inspired so I stayed at my
place. When the divine inspiration had been revealed, the Prophet (ﷺ) said. "They ask you (O,
Muhammad) concerning the Spirit, Say: "The spirit," its knowledge is with my Lord; and of
knowledge you (mankind) have been given only a Little." (17.85)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 245
Hadith 4722
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {وَلاَ تَجْهَرْ بِصَلاَتِكَ وَلاَ تُخَافِتْ بِهَا} قَالَ نَزَلَتْ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُخْتَفٍ بِمَكَّةَ، كَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى بِأَصْحَابِهِ رَفَعَ صَوْتَهُ بِالْقُرْآنِ فَإِذَا سَمِعَهُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ سَبُّوا الْقُرْآنَ وَمَنْ أَنْزَلَهُ، وَمَنْ جَاءَ بِهِ، فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِنَبِيِّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم {وَلاَ تَجْهَرْ بِصَلاَتِكَ} أَىْ بِقِرَاءَتِكَ، فَيَسْمَعَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ، فَيَسُبُّوا الْقُرْآنَ، {وَلاَ تُخَافِتْ بِهَا} عَنْ أَصْحَابِكَ فَلاَ تُسْمِعُهُمْ {وَابْتَغِ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ سَبِيلاً}.
(regarding): 'Neither say your, prayer aloud, nor say it in a low tone.' (17.110) This Verse was
revealed while Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was hiding himself in Mecca. When he prayed with his companions, he
used to raise his voice with the recitation of Qur'an, and if the pagans happened to hear him, they
would abuse the Qur'an, the One who revealed it and the one who brought it. Therefore Allah said to
His Prophet : 'Neither say your prayer aloud.' (17.110) i.e. do not recite aloud lest the pagans should
hear you, but follow a way between.
That one night Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to him and Fatima and said, "Don't you (both offer the (Tahajjud)
prayer?" `Ali said, 'When Allah wishes us to get up, we get up." The Prophet (ﷺ) then recited: 'But man is
more quarrelsome than anything.' (18.54) (See Hadith No. 227,Vol. 2)
I said to Ibn `Abbas, "Nauf Al-Bikali claims that Moses, the companion of Al-Khadir was not the
Moses of the children of Israel" Ibn `Abbas said, "The enemy of Allah (Nauf) told a lie." Narrated
Ubai bin Ka`b that he heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying, "Moses got up to deliver a speech before the
children of Israel and he was asked, Who is the most learned person among the people?' Moses
replied, 'I (am the most learned).' Allah admonished him for he did not ascribe knowledge to Allah
alone. So Allah revealed to him: 'At the junction of the two seas there is a slave of Ours who is more
learned than you.' Moses asked, 'O my Lord, how can I meet him?' Allah said, 'Take a fish and put it
in a basket (and set out), and where you, will lose the fish, you will find him.' So Moses (took a fish
and put it in a basket and) set out, along with his boy-servant Yusha` bin Noon, till they reached a
rock (on which) they both lay their heads and slept. The fish moved vigorously in the basket and got
out of it and fell into the sea and there it took its way through the sea (straight) as in a tunnel). (18.61)
Allah stopped the current of water on both sides of the way created by the fish, and so that way was
like a tunnel. When Moses got up, his companion forgot to tell him about the fish, and so they carried
on their journey during the rest of the day and the whole night.
The next morning Moses asked his boy-servant 'Bring us our early meal; no doubt, we have suffered
much fatigue in this journey of ours.' (18.62) Moses did not get tired till he had passed the place
which Allah had ordered him to seek after. His boy-servant then said to him,' 'Do you remember when
we be-took ourselves to the rock I indeed forgot the fish, none but Satan made me forget to remember
it. It took its course into the sea in a marvelous way.' (18.63)
There was a tunnel for the fish and for Moses and his boy-servant there was astonishment. Moses said,
'That is what we have been seeking'. So they went back retracing their footsteps. (18.64) They both
returned, retracing their steps till they reached the rock. Behold ! There they found a man covered
with a garment. Moses greeted him. Al-Khadir said astonishingly. 'Is there such a greeting in your
land?' Moses said, 'I am Moses.' He said, 'Are you the Moses of the children of Israel?' Moses said, 'I
have come to you so that you may teach me of what you have been taught.
Al-Khadir said, 'You will not be able to have patience with me. (18.66) O Moses! I have some of
Allah's knowledge which He has bestowed upon me but you do not know it; and you too, have some
of Allah's knowledge which He has bestowed upon you, but I do not know it." Moses said, "Allah
willing, you will find me patient, and I will not disobey you in anything.' (18.6) Al-Khadir said to
him. 'If you then follow me, do not ask me about anything until I myself speak to you concerning it.'
(18.70), After that both of them proceeded along the sea coast, till a boat passed by and they requested
the crew to let them go on board. The crew recognized Al-Khadir and allowed them to get on board
free of charge. When they got on board suddenly Moses saw that Al-Khadir had pulled out one of the
planks of the boat with an adze. Moses said to him.' These people gave us a free lift, yet you have
scuttled their boat so as to drown its people! Truly, you have done a dreadful thing.' (18.71)
Al-Khadir said, 'Didn't I say that you can have no patience with me ?' (18.72) Moses said, 'Call me not
to account for what I forgot and be not hard upon me for my affair (with you.)" (18.73)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The first excuse given by Moses, was that he had forgotten. Then a sparrow
came and sat over the edge of the boat and dipped its beak once in the sea. Al-Khadir said to Moses,
'My knowledge and your knowledge, compared to Allah's knowledge is like what this sparrow has
taken out of the sea.' Then they both got out of the boat, and while they were walking on the sea shore,
Al-Khadir saw a boy playing with other boys. Al-Khadir got hold of the head of that boy and pulled it
out with his hands and killed him. Moses said, 'Have you killed an innocent soul who has killed
nobody! Truly, you have done an illegal thing.' (18.74) He said, "Didn't I tell you that you can have no
patience with me?' (18.75) (The sub narrator said, the second blame was stronger than the first one.)
Moses said, 'If I ask you about anything after this, keep me not in your company, you have received
an excuse from me.' (18.76)
Then they both proceeded until they came to the inhabitants of a town. They asked them food but they
refused to entertain them. (In that town) they found there a wall on the point of falling down. (18.77)
Al-Khadir set it up straight with his own hands. Moses said, 'These are people to whom we came, but
they neither fed us nor received us as guests. If you had wished, you could surely have exacted some
recompense for it. Al-Khadir said, 'This is the parting between me and you ..that is the interpretation
of (those things) over which you were unable to hold patience.' (18.78-82)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "We wished that Moses could have been more patient so that Allah might have
described to us more about their story."
Ya`la bin Muslim and `Amr bin Dinar and some others narrated the narration of Sa`id bin Jubair.
Narrated Sa`id: While we were at the house of Ibn `Abbas, Ibn `Abbas said, "Ask me (any question)" I
said, "O Abu `Abbas! May Allah let me be sacrificed for you ! There is a man at Kufa who is a storyteller
called Nauf; who claims that he (Al-Khadir's companion) is not Moses of Bani Israel." As for
`Amr, he said to me, "Ibn `Abbas said, "(Nauf) the enemy of Allah told a lie." But Ya`la said to me,
"Ibn `Abbas said, Ubai bin Ka`b said, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'Once Moses, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), preached to
the people till their eyes shed tears and their hearts became tender, whereupon he finished his sermon.
Then a man came to Moses and asked, 'O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Is there anyone on the earth who is more
learned than you?' Moses replied, 'No.' So Allah admonished him (Moses), for he did not ascribe all
knowledge to Allah. It was said, (on behalf of Allah), 'Yes, (there is a slave of ours who knows more
than you ).' Moses said, 'O my Lord! Where is he?' Allah said, 'At the junction of the two seas.' Moses
said, 'O my Lord ! Tell I me of a sign whereby I will recognize the place.' " `Amr said to me, Allah
said, "That place will be where the fish will leave you." Ya`la said to me, "Allah said (to Moses),
'Take a dead fish (and your goal will be) the place where it will become alive.' " So Moses took a fish
and put it in a basket and said to his boy-servant "I don't want to trouble you, except that you should
inform me as soon as this fish leaves you." He said (to Moses)." You have not demanded too much."
And that is as mentioned by Allah:
'And (remember) when Moses said to his attendant .... ' (18.60) Yusha` bin Noon. (Sa`id did not state
that). The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "While the attendant was in the shade of the rock at a wet place, the fish
slipped out (alive) while Moses was sleeping. His attend an said (to himself), "I will not wake him, but
when he woke up, he forgot to tell him The fish slipped out and entered the sea. Allah stopped the
flow of the sea. where the fish was, so that its trace looked as if it was made on a rock. `Amr forming
a hole with his two thumbs an index fingers, said to me, "Like this, as in its trace was made on a
rock."
Moses said "We have suffered much fatigue on this journey of ours." (This was not narrated by Sa`id).
Then they returned back and found Al-Khadir. `Uthman bin Abi Sulaiman said to me, (they found
him) on a green carpet in the middle of the sea. Al-Khadir was covered with his garment with one end
under his feet and the other end under his head. When Moses greeted, he uncovered his face and said
astonishingly, 'Is there such a greeting in my land? Who are you?' Moses said, 'I am Moses.' Al-
Khadir said, 'Are you the Moses of Bani Israel?' Moses said, 'Yes.' Al-Khadir said, "What do you
want?' Moses said, ' I came to you so that you may teach me of the truth which you were taught.' Al-
Khadir said, 'Is it not sufficient for you that the Torah is in your hands and the Divine Inspiration
comes to you, O Moses? Verily, I have a knowledge that you ought not learn, and you have a
knowledge which I ought not learn.' At that time a bird took with its beak (some water) from the sea:
Al-Khadir then said, 'By Allah, my knowledge and your knowledge besides Allah's Knowledge is like
what this bird has taken with its beak from the sea.' Until, when they went on board the boat (18.71).
They found a small boat which used to carry the people from this sea-side to the other sea-side. The
crew recognized Al-Khadir and said, 'The pious slave of Allah.' (We said to Sa`id "Was that Khadir?"
He said, "Yes.") The boat men said, 'We will not get him on board with fare.' Al-Khadir scuttled the
boat and then plugged the hole with a piece of wood.
Moses said, 'Have you scuttled it in order to drown these people surely, you have done a dreadful thing.
(18.71) (Mujahid said. "Moses said so protestingly.") Al-Khadir said, didn't I say that you can have no
patience with me?' (18.72) The first inquiry of Moses was done because of forgetfulness, the second
caused him to be bound with a stipulation, and the third was done intentionally. Moses said, 'Call
me not to account for what I forgot and be not hard upon me for my affair (with you).' (18.73)
(Then) they found a boy and Al-Khadir killed him. Ya`la- said: Sa`id said 'They found boys playing
and Al-Khadir got hold of a handsome infidel boy laid him down and then slew him with knife. Moses
said, 'Have you killed a innocent soul who has killed nobody' (18.74) Then they proceeded and found
a wall which was on the point of falling down, and Al-Khadir set it up straight. Sa`id moved his hand
thus and said 'Al-Khadir raised his hand and the wall became straight. Ya`la said, 'I think Sa`id said,
'Al-Khadir touched the wall with his hand and it became straight (Moses said to Al-Khadir), 'If you
had wished, you could have taken wages for it.' Sa`id said, 'Wages that we might had eaten.' And there
was a king in furor (ahead) of them" (18.79) And there was in front of them. Ibn `Abbas recited: 'In
front of them (was) a king.'
It is said on the authority of somebody other than Sa`id that the king was Hudad bin Budad. They say
that the boy was called Haisur. 'A king who seized every ship by force. (18.79) So I wished that if that
boat passed by him, he would leave it because of its defect and when they have passed they would
repair it and get benefit from it. Some people said that they closed that hole with a bottle, and some
said with tar. 'His parents were believers, and he (the boy) was a non-believer and we (Khadir) feared
lest he would oppress them by obstinate rebellion and disbelief.' (18.80) (i.e. that their love for him
would urge them to follow him in his religion, 'so we (Khadir) desired that their Lord should change
him for them for one better in righteousness and near to mercy' (18:81). This was in reply to Moses'
saying: Have you killed an innocent soul.'? (18.74). 'Near to mercy" means they will be more merciful
to him than they were to the former whom Khadir had killed. Other than Sa`id, said that they were
compensated with a girl. Dawud bin Abi `Asim said on the authority of more than one that this next
child was a girl.
I said to Ibn `Abbas, "Nauf-al-Bakali " claims that Moses of Bani Israel was not Moses, the
companion of Al-Khadir." Ibn `Abbas said, "Allah's enemy tells a lie! Ubai bin Ka`b narrated to us
that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'Moses got up to deliver a sermon before Bani Israel and he was asked, 'Who
is the most learned person among the people?' Moses replied, 'I (am the most learned).' Allah then
admonished Moses for he did not ascribe all knowledge to Allah only (Then) came the Divine
Inspiration:-- 'Yes, one of Our slaves at the junction of the two seas is more learned than you.'
Moses said, 'O my Lord ! How can meet him?' Allah said, 'Take a fish in a basket and wherever the
fish is lost, follow it (you will find him at that place). So Moses set out along with his attendant
Yusha` bin Noon, and they carried with them a fish till they reached a rock and rested there. Moses
put his head down and slept. (Sufyan, a sub-narrator said that somebody other than `Amr said) 'At the
rock there was a water spring called 'Al-Hayat' and none came in touch with its water but became
alive. So some of the water of that spring fell over that fish, so it moved and slipped out of the basket
and entered the sea. When Moses woke up, he asked his attendant, 'Bring our early meal' (18.62).
The narrator added: Moses did not suffer from fatigue except after he had passed the place he had
been ordered to observe. His attendant Yusha` bin Noon said to him, 'Do you remember (what
happened) when we betook ourselves to the rock? I did indeed forget (about) the fish ...' (18.63) The
narrator added: So they came back, retracing their steps and then they found in the sea, the way of the
fish looking like a tunnel. So there was an astonishing event for his attendant, and there was tunnel for
the fish. When they reached the rock, they found a man covered with a garment. Moses greeted him.
The man said astonishingly, 'Is there any such greeting in your land?' Moses said, 'I am Moses.' The
man said, 'Moses of Bani Israel?' Moses said, 'Yes,' and added, 'may I follow you so that you teach me
something of the Knowledge which you have been taught?' (18.66). Al-Khadir said to him, 'O Moses!
You have something of Allah's knowledge which Allah has taught you and which I do not know; and I
have something of Allah's knowledge which Allah has taught me and which you do not know.' Moses
said, 'But I will follow you.' Al-Khadir said, 'Then if you follow me, ask me no question about
anything until I myself speak to you concerning it.' (18.70). After that both of them proceeded along
the seashore. There passed by them a boat whose crew recognized Al-Khadir and received them on
board free of charge. So they both got on board. A sparrow came and sat on the edge of the boat and
dipped its beak unto the sea. Al-Khadir said to Moses. 'My knowledge and your knowledge and all the
creation's knowledge compared to Allah's knowledge is not more than the water taken by this
sparrow's beak.'
Then Moses was startled by Al-Khadir's action of taking an adze and scuttling the boat with it. Moses
said to him, 'These people gave us a free lift, but you intentionally scuttled their boat so as to drown
them. Surely you have...' (18.71) Then they both proceeded and found a boy playing with other
boys. Al-Khadir took hold of him by the head and cut it off. Moses said to him, 'Have you killed an
innocent soul who has killed nobody? Surely you have done an illegal thing! ' (18.74) He said,
"Didn't I tell you that you will not be able to have patient with me up to ..but they refused to entertain
them as their guests. There they found a wall therein at the point of collapsing.' (18.75-77) Al-Khadir
moved his hand thus and set it upright (repaired it). Moses said to him, 'When we entered this town,
they neither gave us hospitality nor fed us; if you had wished, you could have taken wages for it,' Al-
Khadir said, 'This is the parting between you and me I will tell you the interpretation of (those things)
about which you were unable to hold patience.'...(18.78)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'We wished that Moses could have been more patient so that He (Allah) could
have described to us more about their story.' Ibn `Abbas used to recite:-- 'And in front (ahead) of them
there was a king who used to seize every (serviceable) boat by force. (18.79) ...and as for the boy he
was a disbeliever. "
I asked my father, "Was the Verse:-- 'Say: (O Muhammad) Shall We tell you the greatest losers in
respect of their deeds?'(18.103) revealed regarding Al-Haruriyya?" He said, "No, but regarding the
Jews and the Christians, for the Jews disbelieved Muhammad and the Christians disbelieved in
Paradise and say that there are neither meals nor drinks therein. Al- Hururiyya are those people who
break their pledge to Allah after they have confirmed that they will fulfill it, and Sa`d used to call
them 'Al-Fasiqin (evildoers who forsake Allah's obedience).
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 252
Hadith 4729
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْمُغِيرَةُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الزِّنَادِ، عَنِ الأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " إِنَّهُ لَيَأْتِي الرَّجُلُ الْعَظِيمُ السَّمِينُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لاَ يَزِنُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ جَنَاحَ بَعُوضَةٍ وَقَالَ اقْرَءُوا {فَلاَ نُقِيمُ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَزْنًا} ". وَعَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ مِثْلَهُ.
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "On the Day of Resurrection, a huge fat man will come who will not weigh, the
weight of the wing of a mosquito in Allah's Sight." and then the Prophet (ﷺ) added, 'We shall not give
them any weight on the Day of Resurrection ' (18.105)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "On the Day of Resurrection Death will be brought forward in the shape of a
black and white ram. Then a call maker will call, 'O people of Paradise!' Thereupon they will stretch
their necks and look carefully. The caller will say, 'Do you know this?' They will say, 'Yes, this is
Death.' By then all of them will have seen it. Then it will be announced again, 'O people of Hell !'
They will stretch their necks and look carefully. The caller will say, 'Do you know this?' They will
say, 'Yes, this is Death.' And by then all of them will have seen it. Then it (that ram) will be
slaughtered and the caller will say, 'O people of Paradise! Eternity for you and no death O people of
Hell! Eternity for you and no death."' Then the Prophet, recited:--
'And warn them of the Day of distress when the case has been decided, while (now) they are in a state
of carelessness (i.e. the people of the world) and they do not believe.' (19.39)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 254
Hadith 4731
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ ذَرٍّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِجِبْرِيلَ " مَا يَمْنَعُكَ أَنْ تَزُورَنَا أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا تَزُورُنَا فَنَزَلَتْ {وَمَا نَتَنَزَّلُ إِلاَّ بِأَمْرِ رَبِّكَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا وَمَا خَلْفَنَا}"
The Prophet (ﷺ) said to Gabriel, "What prevents you from visiting us more often than you visit us now?"
So there was revealed:--
'And we (angels) descend not but by the command of your Lord. To Him belongs what is before us
and what is behind us...'(19.64)
I came to Al-`Asi bin Wail As-Sahmi and demanded something which he owed me. He said, "I will
not give you (your money) till you disbelieve in Muhammad." I said, "No, I shall not disbelieve in
Muhammad till you die and then be resurrected." He said, "Will I die and then be resurrected?" I said,
'Yes'. He said', "Then I will have wealth and children there, and I will pay you (there)." So this Verse
was revealed:--
'Have you then seen him who disbelieved in Our Signs and (yet) says: I shall certainly be given wealth
and children? (19.77)
I was a blacksmith in Mecca Once I made a sword for Al-`Asi bin Wail As-Sahmi. When I went to
demand its price, he said, "I will not give it to you till you disbelieve in Muhammad." I said, "I shall
not disbelieve in Muhammad till Allah make you die and then bring you to life again." He said, "If
Allah should make me die and then resurrect me and I would have wealth and children." So Allah
revealed:--
'Have you seen him who disbelieved in Our Signs, and (yet) says I shall certainly be given wealth and
children? Has he known the unseen or has he taken a covenant from (Allah) the Beneficent?' (19.77-
78)
Khabbab said, "During the pre-lslamic period, I was a blacksmith and Al-Asi bin Wail owed me a
debt." So Khabbab went to him to demand the debt. He said, "I will not give you (your due) till you
disbelieve in Muhammad." Khabbab said, "By Allah, I shall not disbelieve in Muhammad till Allah
makes you die and then resurrects you." Al-Asi said, "So leave me till I die and then be resurrected,
for I will be given wealth and children whereupon I will pay you your debt." So this Verse was
revealed:--
'Have you seen him who disbelieved in Our Signs and, (yet) says: I shall certainly be given wealth and
children.' (19.77)
I was a blacksmith and Al-Asi Bin Wail owed me a debt, so I went to him to demand it. He said to me.
"I will not pay you your debt till you disbelieve in Muhammad." I said, "I will not disbelieve in
Muhammad till you die and then be resurrected." He said, "Will I be resurrected after my death? If so,
I shall pay you (there) if I should find wealth and children." So there was revealed:--
'Have you seen him who disbelieved in Our Signs, and yet says: I shall certainly be given wealth and
children? Has he, known to the unseen or has he taken a covenant from (Allah) the Beneficent? Nay !
We shall record what he says, and we shall add and add to his punishment. And We shall inherit from
him all that he talks of, and he shall appear before Us alone.' (19.77-80)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Adam and Moses met, and Moses said to Adam "You are the one who made
people miserable and turned them out of Paradise." Adam said to him, "You are the one whom Allah
selected for His message and whom He selected for Himself and upon whom He revealed the Torah."
Moses said, 'Yes.' Adam said, "Did you find that written in my fate before my creation?' Moses said,
'Yes.' So Adam overcame Moses with this argument."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 260
Hadith 4737
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
حَدَّثَنِي يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الْمَدِينَةَ، وَالْيَهُودُ تَصُومُ عَاشُورَاءَ، فَسَأَلَهُمْ، فَقَالُوا هَذَا الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي ظَهَرَ فِيهِ مُوسَى عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" نَحْنُ أَوْلَى بِمُوسَى مِنْهُمْ فَصُومُوهُ ".
When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) arrived at Medina, he found the Jews observing the fast on the day of 'Ashura'
(10th of Muharram). The Prophet (ﷺ) asked them (about it) and they replied, "This is the day when Moses
became victorious over Pharaoh." The Prophet (ﷺ) said (to the Muslims), "We are nearer to Moses than
they, so fast on this day."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 261
Hadith 4738
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ بْنُ النَّجَّارِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " حَاجَّ مُوسَى آدَمَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ الَّذِي أَخْرَجْتَ النَّاسَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ بِذَنْبِكَ وَأَشْقَيْتَهُمْ. قَالَ قَالَ آدَمُ يَا مُوسَى أَنْتَ الَّذِي اصْطَفَاكَ اللَّهُ بِرِسَالَتِهِ وَبِكَلاَمِهِ أَتَلُومُنِي عَلَى أَمْرٍ كَتَبَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَىَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَنِي أَوْ قَدَّرَهُ عَلَىَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَنِي ". قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " فَحَجَّ آدَمُ مُوسَى ".
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Moses argued with Adam and said to him (Adam), 'You are the one who got the
people out of Paradise by your sin, and thus made them miserable." Adam replied, 'O Moses! You are
the one whom Allah selected for His Message and for His direct talk. Yet you blame me for a thing
which Allah had ordained for me before He created me?." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) further said, "So Adam
overcame Moses by this Argument."
The Prophet (ﷺ) delivered a sermon and said, "You (people) will be gathered before Allah (on the Day of
Resurrection) bare-footed, naked and uncircumcised." (The Prophet (ﷺ) then recited):-- 'As We began the
first creation We shall repeat it. (It is) a promise We have undertaken and truly We shall do it.' and
added, "The first man who will be dressed on the Day of Resurrection, will be Abraham. Lo! Some
men from my followers will be brought and taken towards the left side, whereupon I will say, 'O Lord,
(these are) my companions!' It will be said, 'You do not know what new things they introduced (into
the religion) after you.' I will then say as the righteous pious slave, Jesus, said, 'I was a witness over
them while I dwelt among them...(to His Statement)..and You are the Witness to all things.' (5.117)
Then it will be said, '(O Muhammad) These people never stopped to apostate since you left them."
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "On the day of Resurrection Allah will say, 'O Adam!' Adam will reply, 'Labbaik
our Lord, and Sa`daik ' Then there will be a loud call (saying), Allah orders you to take from among
your offspring a mission for the (Hell) Fire.' Adam will say, 'O Lord! Who are the mission for the
(Hell) Fire?' Allah will say, 'Out of each thousand, take out 999.' At that time every pregnant female
shall drop her load (have a miscarriage) and a child will have grey hair. And you shall see mankind as
in a drunken state, yet not drunk, but severe will be the torment of Allah." (22.2) (When the Prophet (ﷺ)
mentioned this), the people were so distressed (and afraid) that their faces got changed (in color)
whereupon the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "From Gog and Magog nine-hundred ninety-nine will be taken out and
one from you. You Muslims (compared to the large number of other people) will be like a black hair
on the side of a white ox, or a white hair on the side of a black ox, and I hope that you will be onefourth
of the people of Paradise." On that, we said, "Allahu-Akbar!" Then he said, "I hope that you
will be) one-third of the people of Paradise." We again said, "Allahu-Akbar!" Then he said, "(I hope
that you will be) one-half of the people of Paradise." So we said, Allahu Akbar."
Regarding the Verse: "And among men is he who worships Allah's as it were on the very edge."
(22.11).
A man used to come to Medina as if his wife brought a son and his mares produces offspring. He
would say, "This religion (Islam) is good," but if his wife did not give birth to a child and his mares
produced no offspring, he would say, "This religion is bad."
Abu Dharr used to take an oath confirming that the Verse:
'These two opponents (believers, and disbelievers) dispute with each other about their Lord.' (22.19)
was Revealed in connection with Hamza and his two companions and `Utbah and his two companions
on the day when they ease out of the battle of Badr.
`Ali said, "I will be the first to kneel before the Beneficent on the Day of Resurrection because of the
dispute." Qais said; This Verse:
'These two opponents (believers and disbelievers dispute with each other about their Lord,' (22.19)
was revealed in connection with those who came out for the Battle of Badr, i.e. `Ali, Hamza, 'Ubaida,
Shaiba bin Rabi`a, `Utba bin Rabi`a and Al-Walid bin `Utba.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 268
Hadith 4745
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Sahl bin Saud:
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا الأَوْزَاعِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، أَنَّ عُوَيْمِرًا، أَتَى عَاصِمَ بْنَ عَدِيٍّ وَكَانَ سَيِّدَ بَنِي عَجْلاَنَ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ تَقُولُونَ فِي رَجُلٍ وَجَدَ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلاً، أَيَقْتُلُهُ فَتَقْتُلُونَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ سَلْ لِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَتَى عَاصِمٌ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، فَكَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الْمَسَائِلَ، فَسَأَلَهُ عُوَيْمِرٌ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَرِهَ الْمَسَائِلَ وَعَابَهَا، قَالَ عُوَيْمِرٌ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَنْتَهِي حَتَّى أَسْأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَجَاءَ عُوَيْمِرٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رَجُلٌ وَجَدَ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلاً، أَيَقْتُلُهُ فَتَقْتُلُونَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " قَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ الْقُرْآنَ فِيكَ وَفِي صَاحِبَتِكَ ". فَأَمَرَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِالْمُلاَعَنَةِ بِمَا سَمَّى اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ، فَلاَعَنَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنْ حَبَسْتُهَا فَقَدْ ظَلَمْتُهَا، فَطَلَّقَهَا، فَكَانَتْ سُنَّةً لِمَنْ كَانَ بَعْدَهُمَا فِي الْمُتَلاَعِنَيْنِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " انْظُرُوا فَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أَسْحَمَ أَدْعَجَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ عَظِيمَ الأَلْيَتَيْنِ خَدَلَّجَ السَّاقَيْنِ فَلاَ أَحْسِبُ عُوَيْمِرًا إِلاَّ قَدْ صَدَقَ عَلَيْهَا، وَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أُحَيْمِرَ كَأَنَّهُ وَحَرَةٌ فَلاَ أَحْسِبُ عُوَيْمِرًا، إِلاَّ قَدْ كَذَبَ عَلَيْهَا ". فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ عَلَى النَّعْتِ الَّذِي نَعَتَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنْ تَصْدِيقِ عُوَيْمِرٍ، فَكَانَ بَعْدُ يُنْسَبُ إِلَى أُمِّهِ.
'Uwaimir came to `Asim bin `Adi who was the chief of Bani Ajlan and said, "What do you say about a
man who has found another man with his wife? Should he kill him whereupon you would kill him (i.e.
the husband), or what should he do? Please ask Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) about this matter on my behalf."
`Asim then went to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! (And asked him that question) but
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) disliked the question," When 'Uwaimir asked `Asim (about the Prophet's answer)
`Asim replied that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) disliked such questions and considered it shameful. "Uwaimir then
said, "By Allah, I will not give up asking unless I ask Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) about it." Uwaimir came (to the
Prophet ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! A man has found another man with his wife! Should he kill
him whereupon you would kill him (the husband, in Qisas) or what should he do?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
said, "Allah has revealed regarding you and your wife's case in the Qur'an "So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ordered
them to perform the measures of Mula'ana according to what Allah had mentioned in His Book. So
'Uwaimir did Mula'ana with her and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! If I kept her I would oppress her." So
'Uwaimir divorced her and so divorce became a tradition after them for those who happened to be
involved in a case of Mula'ana. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) then said, "Look! If she (Uwaimir's wife) delivers a
black child with deep black large eyes, big hips and fat legs, then I will be of the opinion that
'Uwaimir has spoken the truth; but if she delivers a red child looking like a Wahra then we will
consider that 'Uwaimir has told a lie against her." Later on she delivered a child carrying the qualities
which Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had mentioned as a proof for 'Uwaimir's claim; therefore the child was ascribed
to its mother henceforth.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 269
Hadith 4746
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Sahl bin Sa`d:
حَدَّثَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ، حَدَّثَنَا فُلَيْحٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَرَأَيْتَ رَجُلاً رَأَى مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلاً أَيَقْتُلُهُ فَتَقْتُلُونَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ يَفْعَلُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمَا مَا ذُكِرَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ مِنَ التَّلاَعُنِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" قَدْ قُضِيَ فِيكَ وَفِي امْرَأَتِكَ ". قَالَ فَتَلاَعَنَا، وَأَنَا شَاهِدٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَفَارَقَهَا فَكَانَتْ سُنَّةً أَنْ يُفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْمُتَلاَعِنَيْنِ وَكَانَتْ حَامِلاً، فَأَنْكَرَ حَمْلَهَا وَكَانَ ابْنُهَا يُدْعَى إِلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ أَنْ يَرِثَهَا، وَتَرِثَ مِنْهُ مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ لَهَا.
A man came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Suppose a man saw another man with
his wife, should he kill him whereupon you might kill him (i.e. the killer) (in Qisas) or what should he
do?" So Allah revealed concerning their case what is mentioned of the order of Mula'ana. Allah's
Apostle said to the man, "The matter between you and your wife has been decided." So they did
Mula'ana in the presence of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and I was present there, and then the man divorced his
wife. So it became a tradition to dissolve the marriage of those spouses who were involved in a case of
Mula'ana. The woman was pregnant and the husband denied that he was the cause of her pregnancy,
so the son was (later) ascribed to her. Then it became a tradition that such a son would be the heir of
his mother, and she would inherit of him what Allah prescribed for her.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 270
Hadith 4747
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ، حَدَّثَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ هِلاَلَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ، قَذَفَ امْرَأَتَهُ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِشَرِيكِ بْنِ سَحْمَاءَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " الْبَيِّنَةَ أَوْ حَدٌّ فِي ظَهْرِكَ ". فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِذَا رَأَى أَحَدُنَا عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلاً يَنْطَلِقُ يَلْتَمِسُ الْبَيِّنَةَ. فَجَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ " الْبَيِّنَةَ وَإِلاَّ حَدٌّ فِي ظَهْرِكَ " فَقَالَ هِلاَلٌ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ إِنِّي لَصَادِقٌ، فَلَيُنْزِلَنَّ اللَّهُ مَا يُبَرِّئُ ظَهْرِي مِنَ الْحَدِّ، فَنَزَلَ جِبْرِيلُ، وَأَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ {وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُمْ} فَقَرَأَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ {إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ} فَانْصَرَفَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا فَجَاءَ هِلاَلٌ، فَشَهِدَ، وَالنَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ " إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمَا كَاذِبٌ فَهَلْ مِنْكُمَا تَائِبٌ ". ثُمَّ قَامَتْ فَشَهِدَتْ فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ عِنْدَ الْخَامِسَةِ وَقَّفُوهَا، وَقَالُوا إِنَّهَا مُوجِبَةٌ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَتَلَكَّأَتْ وَنَكَصَتْ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهَا تَرْجِعُ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ لاَ أَفْضَحُ قَوْمِي سَائِرَ الْيَوْمِ، فَمَضَتْ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أَبْصِرُوهَا فَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أَكْحَلَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ سَابِغَ الأَلْيَتَيْنِ خَدَلَّجَ السَّاقَيْنِ، فَهْوَ لِشَرِيكِ بْنِ سَحْمَاءَ ". فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ كَذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لَوْلاَ مَا مَضَى مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ لَكَانَ لِي وَلَهَا شَأْنٌ ".
Hilal bin Umaiya accused his wife of committing illegal sexual intercourse with Sharik bin Sahma'
and filed the case before the Prophet. The Prophet (ﷺ) said (to Hilal), "Either you bring forth a proof (four
witnesses) or you will receive the legal punishment (lashes) on your back." Hilal said, "O Allah's
Apostle! If anyone of us saw a man over his wife, would he go to seek after witnesses?" The Prophet (ﷺ)
kept on saying, "Either you bring forth the witnesses or you will receive the legal punishment (lashes)
on your back." Hilal then said, "By Him Who sent you with the Truth, I am telling the truth and Allah
will reveal to you what will save my back from legal punishment." Then Gabriel came down and
revealed to him:--
'As for those who accuse their wives...' (24.6-9) The Prophet (ﷺ) recited it till he reached: '... (her
accuser) is telling the truth.' Then the Prophet (ﷺ) left and sent for the woman, and Hilal went (and
brought) her and then took the oaths (confirming the claim). The Prophet (ﷺ) was saying, "Allah knows
that one of you is a liar, so will any of you repent?" Then the woman got up and took the oaths and
when she was going to take the fifth one, the people stopped her and said, "It (the fifth oath) will
definitely bring Allah's curse on you (if you are guilty)." So she hesitated and recoiled (from taking
the oath) so much that we thought that she would withdraw her denial. But then she said, "I will not
dishonor my family all through these days," and carried on (the process of taking oaths). The Prophet (ﷺ)
then said, "Watch her; if she delivers a black-eyed child with big hips and fat shins then it is Sharik
bin Sahma's child." Later she delivered a child of that description. So the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "If the case
was not settled by Allah's Law, I would punish her severely."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 271
Hadith 4748
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
حَدَّثَنَا مُقَدَّمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا عَمِّي الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، وَقَدْ سَمِعَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ رَجُلاً، رَمَى امْرَأَتَهُ فَانْتَفَى مِنْ وَلَدِهَا فِي زَمَانِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَمَرَ بِهِمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَتَلاَعَنَا كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ، ثُمَّ قَضَى بِالْوَلَدِ لِلْمَرْأَةِ وَفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْمُتَلاَعِنَيْنِ.
A man accused his wife of illegal sexual intercourse and denied his paternity to her (conceived) child
during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ordered them both to do Mula'ana as Allah
decreed and then gave his decision that the child would be for the mother, and a divorce decree was
issued for the couple involved in a case of Mula'ana.
(The wife of the Prophet) Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) intended to go on a journey, he used to draw lots
among his wives and would take with him the one on whom the lot had fallen. Once he drew lots
when he wanted to carry out a Ghazwa, and the lot came upon me. So I proceeded with Allah's
Apostle after Allah's order of veiling (the women) had been revealed and thus I was carried in my
howdah (on a camel) and dismounted while still in it. We carried on our journey, and when Allah's
Apostle had finished his Ghazwa and returned and we approached Medina, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ordered to
proceed at night. When the army was ordered to resume the homeward journey, I got up and walked
on till I left the army (camp) behind. When I had answered the call of nature, I went towards my
howdah, but behold ! A necklace of mine made of Jaz Azfar (a kind of black bead) was broken and I
looked for it and my search for it detained me.
The group of people who used to carry me, came and carried my howdah on to the back of my camel
on which I was riding, considering that I was therein. At that time women were light in weight and
were not fleshy for they used to eat little (food), so those people did not feel the lightness of the
howdah while raising it up, and I was still a young lady. They drove away the camel and proceeded.
Then I found my necklace after the army had gone. I came to their camp but found nobody therein so I
went to the place where I used to stay, thinking that they would miss me and come back in my search.
While I was sitting at my place, I felt sleepy and slept. Safwan bin Al-Mu'attil As-Sulami Adh-
Dhakw-ani was behind the army. He had started in the last part of the night and reached my stationing
place in the morning and saw the figure of a sleeping person. He came to me and recognized me on
seeing me for he used to see me before veiling. I got up because of his saying: "Inna Li l-lahi wa inna
ilaihi rajiun," which he uttered on recognizing me. I covered my face with my garment, and by Allah,
he did not say to me a single word except, "Inna Li l-lahi wa inna ilaihi rajiun," till he made his shecamel
kneel down whereupon he trod on its forelegs and I mounted it. Then Safwan set out, leading
the she-camel that was carrying me, till we met the army while they were resting during the hot
midday.
Then whoever was meant for destruction, fell in destruction, and the leader of the Ifk (forged
statement) was `Abdullah bin Ubai bin Salul. After this we arrived at Medina and I became ill for one
month while the people were spreading the forged statements of the people of the Ifk, and I was not
aware of anything thereof. But what aroused my doubt while I was sick, was that I was no longer
receiving from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) the same kindness as I used to receive when I fell sick. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
would enter upon me, say a greeting and add, "How is that (lady)?" and then depart.
That aroused my suspicion but I was not aware of the propagated evil till I recovered from my
ailment. I went out with Um Mistah to answer the call of nature towards Al-Manasi, the place where
we used to relieve ourselves, and used not to go out for this purpose except from night to night, and
that was before we had lavatories close to our houses. And this habit of ours was similar to the habit
of the old 'Arabs (in the deserts or in the tents) concerning the evacuation of the bowels, for we
considered it troublesome and harmful to take lavatories in the houses. So I went out with Um Mistah
who was the daughter of Abi Ruhm bin `Abd Manaf, and her mother was daughter of Sakhr bin Amir
who was the aunt of Abi Bakr As-Siddiq, and her son was Mistah bin Uthatha. When we had finished
our affair, Um Mistah and I came back towards my house. Um Mistah stumbled over her robe
whereupon she said, "Let Mistah be ruined ! " I said to her, "What a bad word you have said! Do you
abuse a man who has taken part in the Battle of Badr?' She said, "O you there! Didn't you hear what
he has said?" I said, "And what did he say?" She then told me the statement of the people of the Ifk
(forged statement) which added to my ailment. When I returned home, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to me,
and after greeting, he said, "How is that (lady)?" I said, "Will you allow me to go to my parents?" At
that time I intended to be sure of the news through them. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) allowed me and I went to my
parents and asked my mother, "O my mother! What are the people talking about?" My mother said,
"O my daughter! Take it easy, for by Allah, there is no charming lady who is loved by her husband
who has other wives as well, but that those wives would find fault with her." I said, "Subhan Allah!
Did the people really talk about that?"
That night I kept on weeping the whole night till the morning. My tears never stopped, nor did I sleep,
and morning broke while I was still weeping, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) called `Ali bin Abi Talib and Usama bin
Zaid when the Divine Inspiration delayed, in order to consult them as to the idea of divorcing his wife.
Usama bin Zaid told Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) of what he knew about the innocence of his wife and of his
affection he kept for her. He said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! She is your wife, and we do not know anything
about her except good." But `Ali bin Abi Talib said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Allah does not impose
restrictions on you; and there are plenty of women other than her. If you however, ask (her) slave girl,
she will tell you the truth." `Aisha added: So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) called for Barira and said, "O Barira! Did
you ever see anything which might have aroused your suspicion? (as regards Aisha). Barira said, "By
Allah Who has sent you with the truth, I have never seen anything regarding Aisha which I would
blame her for except that she is a girl of immature age who sometimes sleeps and leaves the dough of
her family unprotected so that the domestic goats come and eat it."
So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got up (and addressed) the people an asked for somebody who would take revenge
on `Abdullah bin Ubai bin Salul then. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), while on the pulpit, said, "O Muslims! Who
will help me against a man who has hurt me by slandering my family? By Allah, I know nothing
except good about my family, and people have blamed a man of whom I know nothing except good,
and he never used to visit my family except with me," Sa`d bin Mu`adh Al-Ansari got up and said, "O
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! By Allah, I will relieve you from him. If he be from the tribe of (Bani) Al-Aus, then I
will chop his head off; and if he be from our brethren, the Khazraj, then you give us your order and we
will obey it."
On that, Sa`d bin 'Ubada got up, and he was the chief of the Khazraj, and before this incident he had
been a pious man but he was incited by his zeal for his tribe. He said to Sa`d (bin Mu`adh), "By Allah
the Eternal, you have told a lie! You shall not kill him and you will never be able to kill him!" On that,
Usaid bin Hudair, the cousin of Sa`d (bin Mu`adh) got up and said to Sa`d bin 'Ubada, "You are a liar!
By Allah the Eternal, we will surely kill him; and you are a hypocrite defending the hypocrites!" So
the two tribes of Al-Aus and Al-Khazraj got excited till they were on the point of fighting with each
other while Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was standing on the pulpit. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) continued quietening them till
they became silent whereupon he became silent too. On that day I kept on weeping so much that
neither did my tears stop, nor could I sleep. In the morning my parents were with me, and I had wept
for two nights and a day without sleeping and with incessant tears till they thought that my liver would
burst with weeping. While they were with me and I was weeping, an Ansari woman asked permission
to see me. I admitted her and she sat and started weeping with me. While I was in that state, Allah's
Apostle came to us, greeted, and sat down,. He had never sat with me since the day what was said,
was said. He had stayed a month without receiving any Divine Inspiration concerning my case.
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) recited the Tashahhud after he had sat down, and then said, "Thereafter, O `Aisha! I
have been informed such and-such a thing about you; and if you are innocent, Allah will reveal your
innocence, and if you have committed a sin, then ask for Allah's forgiveness and repent to Him, for
when a slave confesses his sin and then repents to Allah, Allah accepts his repentance." When Allah's
Apostle had finished his speech, my tears ceased completely so that I no longer felt even a drop
thereof. Then I said to my father, "Reply to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) on my behalf as to what he said." He said,
"By Allah, I do not know what to say to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)." Then I said to my mother, "Reply to Allah's
Apostle."
She said, "I do not know what to say to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)." Still a young girl as I was and though I had
little knowledge of Qur'an, I said, "By Allah, I know that you heard this story (of the Ifk) so much so
that it has been planted in your minds and you have believed it. So now, if I tell you that I am
innocent, and Allah knows that I am innocent, you will not believe me; and if I confess something,
and Allah knows that I am innocent of it, you will believe me. By Allah, I cannot find of you an
example except that of Joseph's father: "So (for me) patience is most fitting against that which you
assert and it is Allah (Alone) Whose help can be sought. Then I turned away and lay on my bed, and
at that time I knew that I was innocent and that Allah would reveal my innocence. But by Allah, I
never thought that Allah would sent down about my affair, Divine Inspiration that would be recited
(forever), as I considered myself too unworthy to be talked of by Allah with something that was to be
recited: but I hoped that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) might have a vision in which Allah would prove my
innocence. By Allah, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had not left his seat and nobody had left the house when the
Divine Inspiration came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) . So there overtook him the same hard condition which
used to overtake him (when he was Divinely Inspired) so that the drops of his sweat were running
down, like pearls, though it was a (cold) winter day, and that was because of the heaviness of the
Statement which was revealed to him. When that state of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was over, and he was
smiling when he was relieved, the first word he said was, "Aisha, Allah has declared your innocence."
My mother said to me, "Get up and go to him." I said, "By Allah, I will not go to him and I will not
thank anybody but Allah." So Allah revealed: "Verily! They who spread the Slander are a gang among
you. Think it not...." (24.11-20).
When Allah revealed this to confirm my innocence, Abu Bakr As-Siddiq who used to provide for
Mistah bin Uthatha because of the latter's kinship to him and his poverty, said, "By Allah, I will never
provide for Mistah anything after what he has said about Aisha". So Allah revealed:
(continued...)
(continuing... 1): -6.274:... ...
"Let not those among you who are good and are wealthy swear not to give (help) to their kinsmen,
those in need, and those who have left their homes for Allah's Cause. Let them Pardon and forgive
(i.e. do not punish them). Do you not love that should forgive you? Verily Allah is Oft-forgiving.
Most Merciful." (24.22)
Abu Bakr said, "Yes, by Allah, I wish that Allah should forgive me." So he resumed giving Mistah the
aid he used to give him before and said, "By Allah, I will never withold it from him at all." Aisha
further said: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) also asked Zainab bint Jahsh about my case. He said, "O Zainab! What
have you seen?" She replied, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I protect my hearing and my sight (by refraining
from telling lies). I know nothing but good (about Aisha)." Of all the wives of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), it was
Zainab who aspired to receive from him the same favor as I used to receive, yet, Allah saved her
(from telling lies) because of her piety. But her sister, Hamna, kept on fighting on her behalf so she
was destroyed as were those who invented and spread the slander.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 276
Hadith 4753
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn Abu Mulaika:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي حُسَيْنٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، قَالَ اسْتَأْذَنَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهَا عَلَى عَائِشَةَ، وَهْىَ مَغْلُوبَةٌ قَالَتْ أَخْشَى أَنْ يُثْنِيَ عَلَىَّ. فَقِيلَ ابْنُ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَمِنْ وُجُوهِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ. قَالَتِ ائْذَنُوا لَهُ. فَقَالَ كَيْفَ تَجِدِينَكِ قَالَتْ بِخَيْرٍ إِنِ اتَّقَيْتُ. قَالَ فَأَنْتِ بِخَيْرٍ ـ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ ـ زَوْجَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَلَمْ يَنْكِحْ بِكْرًا غَيْرَكِ، وَنَزَلَ عُذْرُكِ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ. وَدَخَلَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ خِلاَفَهُ فَقَالَتْ دَخَلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَأَثْنَى عَلَىَّ وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي كُنْتُ نِسْيًا مَنْسِيًّا.
Ibn `Abbas asked permission to visit Aisha before her death, and at that time she was in a state of
agony. She then said. "I am afraid that he will praise me too much." And then it was said to her, "He is
the cousin of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and one of the prominent Muslims." Then she said, "Allow him to
enter." (When he entered) he said, "How are you?" She replied, "I am Alright if I fear (Allah)." Ibn
`Abbas said, "Allah willing, you are Alright as you are the wife of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he did not
marry any virgin except you and proof of your innocence was revealed from the Heaven." Later on
Ibn Az-Zubair entered after him and `Aisha said to him, "Ibn `Abbas came to me and praised me
greatly, but I wish that I was a thing forgotten and out of sight."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 277
Hadith 4754
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Al-Qasim:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ، أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ اسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ نَحْوَهُ. وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ نِسْيًا مَنْسِيًّا.
Ibn `Abbas asked `Aisha's permission to enter. Al-Qasim then narrated the whole Hadith (as in 277)
but did not mention: "Would that I had been forgotten and out of sight."
`Aisha said that Hassan bin Thabit came and asked permission to visit her. I said, "How do you permit
such a person?" She said, "Hasn't he received a severely penalty?" (Sufyan, the subnarrator, said: She
meant the loss of his sight.) Thereupon Hassan said the following poetic verse:
"A chaste pious woman who arouses no suspicion. She never talks about chaste heedless women
behind their backs.' On that she said, "But you are not so."
Hassan came to Aisha and said the following poetic Verse: 'A chaste pious woman who arouses no
suspicion. She never talks against chaste heedless women behind their backs.' `Aisha said, "But you
are not," I said (to `Aisha), "Why do you allow such a person to enter upon you after Allah has
revealed:
"...and as for him among them who had the greater share therein'?" (24.11)
She said, "What punishment is worse than blindness?" She added, "And he used to defend Allah's
Apostle against the pagans (in his poetry).
When there was said about me what was said which I myself was unaware of, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got up
and addressed the people. He recited Tashah-hud, and after glorifying and praising Allah as He
deserved, he said, "To proceed: O people Give me your opinion regarding those people who made a
forged story against my wife. By Allah, I do not know anything bad about her. By Allah, they accused
her of being with a man about whom I have never known anything bad, and he never entered my
house unless I was present there, and whenever I went on a journey, he went with me." Sa`d bin
Mu`adh got up and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) Allow me to chop their heads off".
Then a man from the Al-Khazraj (Sa`d bin 'Ubada) to whom the mother of (the poet) Hassan bin
Thabit was a relative, got up and said (to Sa`d bin Mu`adh), "You have told a lie! By Allah, if those
persons were from the Aus Tribe, you would not like to chop their heads off." It was probable that
some evil would take place between the Aus and the Khazraj in the mosque, and I was unaware of all
that. In the evening of that day, I went out for some of my needs (i.e. to relieve myself), and Um
Mistah was accompanying me.
On our return, Um Mistah stumbled and said, "Let Mistah. be ruined" I said to her, "O mother Why do
you abuse your Son" On that Um Mistah became silent for a while, and stumbling again, she said,
"Let Mistah be ruined" I said to her, "Why do you abuse your son?" She stumbled for the third time
and said, "Let Mistah be ruined" whereupon I rebuked her for that. She said, "By Allah, I do not abuse
him except because of you." I asked her, "Concerning what of my affairs?" So she disclosed the whole
story to me. I said, "Has this really happened?" She replied, "Yes, by Allah." I returned to my house,
astonished (and distressed) that I did not know for what purpose I had gone out.
Then I became sick (fever) and said to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) "Send me to my father's house." So he sent a
slave with me, and when I entered the house, I found Um Rum-an (my mother) downstairs while (my
father) Abu Bakr was reciting something upstairs. My mother asked, "What has brought you, O (my)
daughter?" I informed her and mentioned to her the whole story, but she did not feel it as I did. She
said, "O my daughter! Take it easy, for there is never a charming lady loved by her husband who has
other wives but that they feel jealous of her and speak badly of her." But she did not feel the news as I
did. I asked (her), "Does my father know about it?" She said, "yes" I asked, Does Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
know about it too?" She said, "Yes, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) does too." So the tears filled my eyes and I wept.
Abu Bakr, who was reading upstairs heard my voice and came down and asked my mother, "What is
the matter with her? " She said, "She has heard what has been said about her (as regards the story of
Al-lfk)." On that Abu- Bakr wept and said, "I beseech you by Allah, O my daughter, to go back to
your home".
I went back to my home and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had come to my house and asked my maid-servant about
me (my character). The maid-servant said, "By Allah, I do not know of any defect in her character
except that she sleeps and let the sheep enter (her house) and eat her dough." On that, some of the
Prophet's companions spoke harshly to her and said, "Tell the truth to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)." Finally they
told her of the affair (of the slander). She said, "Subhan Allah! By Allah, I know nothing against her
except what goldsmith knows about a piece of pure gold." Then this news reached the man who was
accused, and he said, "Subhan Allah! By Allah, I have never uncovered the private parts of any
woman." Later that man was martyred in Allah's Cause.
Next morning my parents came to pay me a visit and they stayed with me till Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to
me after he had offered the `Asr prayer. He came to me while my parents were sitting around me on
my right and my left. He praised and glorified Allah and said, "Now then O `Aisha! If you have
committed a bad deed or you have wronged (yourself), then repent to Allah as Allah accepts the
repentance from his slaves." An Al-Ansari woman had come and was sitting near the gate. I said (to
the Prophet). "Isn't it improper that you speak in such a way in the presence of this lady? Allah's
Apostle then gave a piece of advice and I turned to my father and requested him to answer him (on my
behalf). My father said, "What should I say?" Then I turned to my mother and asked her to answer
him. She said, "What should I say?" When my parents did not give a reply to the Prophet, I said, "I
testify that none has the right to be worshipped except Allah, and that Muhammad is His Apostle!"
And after praising and glorifying Allah as He deserves, I said, "Now then, by Allah, if I were to tell
you that I have not done (this evil action) and Allah is a witness that I am telling the truth, that would
not be of any use to me on your part because you (people) have spoken about it and your hearts have
absorbed it; and if I were to tell you that I have done this sin and Allah knows that I have not done it,
then you will say, 'She has confessed herself guilty." By Allah, 'I do not see a suitable example for me
and you but the example of (I tried to remember Jacob's name but couldn't) Joseph's father when he
said; So (for me) "Patience is most fitting against that which you assert. It is Allah (alone) whose help
can be sought.'
At that very hour the Divine Inspiration came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and we remained silent. Then the
Inspiration was over and I noticed the signs of happiness on his face while he was removing (the
sweat) from his forehead and saying, "Have the good tidings O ' "Aisha! Allah has revealed your
innocence." At that time I was extremely angry. My parents said to me. "Get up and go to him." I said,
"By Allah, I will not do it and will not thank him nor thank either of you, but I will thank Allah Who
has revealed my innocence. You have heard this story but neither did not deny it nor change it (to
defend me)," (Aisha used to say:) "But as regards Zainab bint Jahsh, (the Prophet's wife), Allah
protected her because of her piety, so she did not say anything except good (about me), but her sister,
Hamna, was ruined among those who were ruined. Those who used to speak evil about me were
Mistah, Hassan bin Thabit, and the hypocrite, `Abdullah bin Ubai, who used to spread that news and
tempt others to speak of it, and it was he and Hamna who had the greater share therein. Abu Bakr took
an oath that he would never do any favor to Mistah at all. Then Allah revealed the Divine Verse:
"Let not those among you who are good and wealthy (i.e. Abu Bakr) swear not to give (any sort of
help) to their kinsmen, and those in need, (i.e. Mistah) ...Do you not love that Allah should forgive
you? And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." (24.22)
On that, Abu Bakr said, "Yes, by Allah, O our Lord! We wish that You should forgive us." So Abu
Bakr again started giving to Mistah the expenditure which he used to give him before.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 281
Hadith 4758
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Aishah:
وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، عَنْ يُونُسَ، قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ يَرْحَمُ اللَّهُ نِسَاءَ الْمُهَاجِرَاتِ الأُوَلَ، لَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {وَلْيَضْرِبْنَ بِخُمُرِهِنَّ عَلَى جُيُوبِهِنَّ} شَقَّقْنَ مُرُوطَهُنَّ فَاخْتَمَرْنَ بِها.
May Allah bestow His Mercy on the early
emigrant women. When Allah revealed:
"... and to draw their veils all over their
Juyubihinna (i.e., their bodies, faces, necks
and bosoms)..." (V.24:31) they tore their
Murat (woolen dresses or waist-binding
clothes or aprons etc.) and covered their
heads and faces with those torn Muruts.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 60, Hadith 281
Hadith 4759
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Safiya bint Shaiba:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ صَفِيَّةَ بِنْتِ شَيْبَةَ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ كَانَتْ تَقُولُ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ {وَلْيَضْرِبْنَ بِخُمُرِهِنَّ عَلَى جُيُوبِهِنَّ} أَخَذْنَ أُزْرَهُنَّ فَشَقَّقْنَهَا مِنْ قِبَلِ الْحَوَاشِي فَاخْتَمَرْنَ بِهَا.
`Aisha used to say: "When (the Verse): "They should draw their veils over their necks and bosoms,"
was revealed, (the ladies) cut their waist sheets at the edges and covered their heads and faces with those cut pieces of cloth."
A man said, "O Allah's Prophet! Will Allah gather the non-believers on their faces on the Day of
Resurrection?" He said, "Will not the One Who made him walk on his feet in this world, be able to
make him walk on his face on the Day of Resurrection?" (Qatada, a subnarrator, said: Yes, By the
Power of Our Lord!)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 283
Hadith 4761
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Abdullah:
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْصُورٌ، وَسُلَيْمَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مَيْسَرَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،. قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنِي وَاصِلٌ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ ـ أَوْ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ أَىُّ الذَّنْبِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ قَالَ " أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهْوَ خَلَقَكَ ". قُلْتُ ثُمَّ أَىٌّ قَالَ " ثُمَّ أَنْ تَقْتُلَ وَلَدَكَ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ مَعَكَ". قُلْتُ ثُمَّ أَىٌّ قَالَ " أَنْ تُزَانِيَ بِحَلِيلَةِ جَارِكَ ". قَالَ وَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ تَصْدِيقًا لِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم {وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلاَ يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا يَزْنُونَ}
I or somebody, asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) "Which is the biggest sin in the Sight of Allah?" He said, "That
you set up a rival (in worship) to Allah though He Alone created you." I asked, "What is next?" He
said, "Then, that you kill your son, being afraid that he may share your meals with you." I asked,
"What is next?" He said, "That you commit illegal sexual intercourse with the wife of your neighbor."
Then the following Verse was revealed to confirm the statement of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ):
"Those who invoke not with Allah, any other god, nor kill life as Allah has forbidden except for just
cause, nor commit illegal sexual intercourse." (25.68)
That he asked Sa`id bin Jubair, "Is there any repentance of the one who has murdered a believer
intentionally?" Then I recited to him:--
"Nor kill such life as Allah has forbidden except for a just cause." Sa`id said, "I recited this very Verse
before Ibn `Abbas as you have recited it before me. Ibn `Abbas said, 'This Verse was revealed in
Mecca and it has been abrogated by a Verse in Surat-An-Nisa which was later revealed in Medina."
The people of Kufa differed as regards the killing of a believer so I entered upon Ibn `Abbas (and
asked him) about that. Ibn `Abbas said, "The Verse (in Surat-An-Nisa', 4:93) was the last thing
revealed in this respect and nothing cancelled its validity."
I asked Ibn `Abbas about Allah's saying:--
'.. this reward is Hell Fire.' (4.93) He said, "No repentance is accepted from him (i.e. the murderer of a
believer)." I asked him regarding the saying of Allah:
'Those who invoke not with Allah any other god.' ...(25.68)
He said, "This Verse was revealed concerning the pagans of the pre-lslamic period."
Ibn Abza said to me, "Ask Ibn `Abbas regarding the Statement of Allah:
'And whoever murders a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell.' (4.69)
And also His Statement: '...nor kill such life as Allah has forbidden, except for a just cause .....except
those who repent, believe, and do good deeds.' " (25.68-70) So I asked Ibn `Abbas and he said, "When
this (25.68-69) was revealed, the people of Mecca said, "We have invoked other gods with Allah, and
we have murdered such lives which Allah has made sacred, and we have committed illegal sexual
intercourse. So Allah revealed:
'Except those who repent, believe, and do good deeds and Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.'
(25.70)
`Abdur-Rahman bin Abza ordered me to ask Ibn `Abbas regarding the two Verses (the first of which
was ):
"And whosoever murders a believer intentionally." (4.93) So I asked him, and he said, "Nothing has
abrogated this Verse." About (the other Verse): 'And those who invoke not with Allah any other god.'
he said, "It was revealed concerning the pagans."
Five (great events) have passed: the Smoke, the Moon, the Romans, the Mighty grasp and the constant
Punishment which occurs in 'So the torment will be yours forever.' (25.77)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 291
Hadith 4769
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَخِي، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" يَلْقَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ أَبَاهُ فَيَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّكَ وَعَدْتَنِي أَنْ لاَ تُخْزِنِي يَوْمَ يُبْعَثُونَ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ إِنِّي حَرَّمْتُ الْجَنَّةَ عَلَى الْكَافِرِينَ ".
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, Abraham will meet his father (on the Day of Resurrection) and will say, 'O my
Lords You promised me that You would not let me in disgrace on the Day when people will be
resurrected.' Allah will say, 'I have forbidden Paradise to the non-believers."
When the Verse:--'And warn your tribe of near-kindred, was revealed, the Prophet (ﷺ) ascended the Safa
(mountain) and started calling, "O Bani Fihr! O Bani `Adi!" addressing various tribes of Quraish till
they were assembled. Those who could not come themselves, sent their messengers to see what was
there. Abu Lahab and other people from Quraish came and the Prophet (ﷺ) then said, "Suppose I told you
that there is an (enemy) cavalry in the valley intending to attack you, would you believe me?" They
said, "Yes, for we have not found you telling anything other than the truth." He then said, "I am a
warner to you in face of a terrific punishment." Abu Lahab said (to the Prophet) "May your hands
perish all this day. Is it for this purpose you have gathered us?" Then it was revealed: "Perish the
hands of Abu Lahab (one of the Prophet's uncles), and perish he! His wealth and his children will not
profit him...." (111.1-5)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got up when the Verse:--'And warn your tribe of near kindred...." (26.214) was
revealed and said, "O Quraish people! (or he said a similar word) Buy yourselves! I cannot save you
from Allah (if you disobey Him) O Bani Abu Manaf! I cannot save you from Allah (if you disobey
Him). O `Abbas! The son of `Abdul Muttalib! I cannot save you from Allah (if you disobey Him) O
Safiya, (the aunt of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)) I cannot save you from Allah (if you disobey Him). O Fatima, the
daughter of Muhammad ! Ask what you wish from my property, but I cannot save you from Allah (if
you disobey Him).
When Abu Talib was on his death bed, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to him and found with him, Abu Jahl and
`Abdullah bin Abi Umaiya bin Al-Mughira. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "O uncle! Say: None has the right to
be worshipped except Allah, a sentence with which I will defend you before Allah." On that Abu Jahl
and `Abdullah bin Abi Umaiya said to Abu Talib, "Will you now leave the religion of `Abdul
Muttalib?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) kept on inviting him to say that sentence while the other two kept on
repeating their sentence before him till Abu Talib said as the last thing he said to them, "I am on the
religion of `Abdul Muttalib," and refused to say: None has the right to be worshipped except Allah.
On that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "By Allah, I will keep on asking Allah's forgiveness for you unless I am
forbidden (by Allah) to do so." So Allah revealed:--
'It is not fitting for the Prophet (ﷺ) and those who believe that they should invoke (Allah) for forgiveness
for pagans.' (9.113) And then Allah revealed especially about Abu Talib:--'Verily! You (O,
Muhammad) guide not whom you like, but Allah guides whom He will.' (28.56)
While a man was delivering a speech in the tribe of Kinda, he said, "Smoke will prevail on the Day of
Resurrection and will deprive the hypocrites their faculties of hearing and seeing. The believers will
be afflicted with something like cold only thereof." That news scared us, so I went to (Abdullah) Ibn
Mas`ud while he was reclining (and told him the story) whereupon he became angry, sat up and said,
"He who knows a thing can say, it, but if he does not know, he should say, 'Allah knows best,' for it is
an aspect of knowledge to say, 'I do not know,' if you do not know a certain thing. Allah said to His
prophet. 'Say (O Muhammad): No wage do I ask of you for this (Qur'an), nor I am one of the
pretenders (a person who pretends things which do not exist.)' (38.86)
The Qur'aish delayed in embracing Islam for a period, so the Prophet (ﷺ) invoked evil on them, saying, 'O
Allah! Help me against them by sending seven years of (famine) like those of Joseph.' So they were
afflicted with such a severe year of famine that they were destroyed therein and ate dead animals and
bones. They started seeing something like smoke between the sky and the earth (because of severe
hunger). Abu Sufyan then came (to the Prophet) and said, "O Muhammad! You came to order us for
to keep good relations with Kith and kin, and your kinsmen have now perished, so please invoke
Allah (to relieve them).' Then Ibn Mas`ud recited:-- 'Then watch you for the day that the sky will
bring forth a kind of smoke plainly visible....but truly you will return! (to disbelief) (44.10-15)
Ibn Mas`ud added, Then the punishment was stopped, but truly, they reverted to heathenism (their old
way). So Allah (threatened them thus): 'On the day when we shall seize you with a mighty grasp.'
(44.16) And that was the day of the Battle of Badr. Allah's saying- "Lizama" (the punishment) refers
to the day of Badr Allah's Statement:
Alif-Lam-Mim, the Romans have been defeated, and they, after their defeat, will be victorious,' (30.1-
3) (This verse): Indicates that the defeat of Byzantine has already passed.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 297
Hadith 4775
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَانُ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَا مِنْ مَوْلُودٍ إِلاَّ يُولَدُ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ، فَأَبَوَاهُ يُهَوِّدَانِهِ أَوْ يُنَصِّرَانِهِ أَوْ يُمَجِّسَانِهِ، كَمَا تُنْتَجُ الْبَهِيمَةُ بَهِيمَةً جَمْعَاءَ، هَلْ تُحِسُّونَ فِيهَا مِنْ جَدْعَاءَ " ثُمَّ يَقُولُ {فِطْرَةَ اللَّهِ الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْهَا لاَ تَبْدِيلَ لِخَلْقِ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ}
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "No child is born except on Al-Fitra (Islam) and then his parents make him
Jewish, Christian or Magian, as an animal produces a perfect young animal: do you see any part of its
body amputated?" Then he rec
'The religion of pure Islamic Faith (Hanifa),(i.e. to worship none but Allah), The pure Allah's Islamic
nature with which He (Allah) has created mankind. Let There be no change in Allah's religion (i.e. to
join none in Allah's worship). That is the straight religion; but most of men know not..." (30.30)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 298
Hadith 4776
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Abdullah:
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ {الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُوا إِيمَانَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ} شَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَقَالُوا أَيُّنَا لَمْ يَلْبِسْ إِيمَانَهُ بِظُلْمٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِذَاكَ، أَلاَ تَسْمَعُ إِلَى قَوْلِ لُقْمَانَ لاِبْنِهِ {إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ}"
When there was revealed: 'It is those who believe and confuse not their beliefs with wrong.' (6.82) It
was very hard for the companions of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), so they said, "Which of us has not confused his
belief with wrong?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Verse does not mean this. Don't you hear Luqman's
statement to his son: 'Verily! Joining others in worship, with Allah is a great wrong indeed.' (31.13)
One day while Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was sitting with the people, a man came to him walking and said, "O
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). What is Belief?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Belief is to believe in Allah, His Angels, His
Books, His Apostles, and the meeting with Him, and to believe in the Resurrection." The man asked,
"O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) What is Islam?" The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, "Islam is to worship Allah and not worship
anything besides Him, to offer prayers perfectly, to pay the (compulsory) charity i.e. Zakat and to fast
the month of Ramadan." The man again asked, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) What is Ihsan (i.e. perfection or
Benevolence)?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not
achieve this state of devotion, then (take it for granted that) Allah sees you." The man further asked,
"O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) When will the Hour be established?"
The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, "The one who is asked about it does not know more than the questioner does, but
I will describe to you its portents. When the lady slave gives birth to her mistress, that will be of its
portents; when the bare-footed naked people become the chiefs of the people, that will be of its
portents. The Hour is one of five things which nobody knows except Allah. Verily, the knowledge of
the Hour is with Allah (alone). He sends down the rain, and knows that which is in the wombs."
(31.34) Then the man left. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Call him back to me." They went to call him back but
could not see him. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "That was Gabriel who came to teach the people their religion."
(See Hadith No. 47 Vol 1)
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Allah said, 'I have prepared for my pious worshipers such things as no eye has
ever seen, no ear has ever heard of, and nobody has ever thought of." Abu Huraira added: If you wish
you can read:-- 'No soul knows what is kept hidden (in reserve) for them of joy as reward for what
they used to do.' 32.17.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 302
Hadith 4780
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَعْدَدْتُ لِعِبَادِي الصَّالِحِينَ مَا لاَ عَيْنٌ رَأَتْ، وَلاَ أُذُنٌ سَمِعَتْ، وَلاَ خَطَرَ عَلَى قَلْبِ بَشَرٍ، ذُخْرًا، بَلْهَ مَا أُطْلِعْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ ". ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {فَلاَ تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَا أُخْفِيَ لَهُمْ مِنْ قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ}
The Prophet, said, "Allah said, 'I have prepared for My pious worshipers such things as no eye has
ever seen, no ear has ever heard of, and nobody has ever thought of. All that is reserved, besides
which, all that you have seen, is nothing." Then he recited:--
'No soul knows what is kept hidden (in reserve) for them of joy as a reward for what they used to do.'
(32.17)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 303
Hadith 4781
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُلَيْحٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، عَنْ هِلاَلِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " مَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ إِلاَّ وَأَنَا أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ، اقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ {النَّبِيُّ أَوْلَى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ} فَأَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ تَرَكَ مَالاً فَلْيَرِثْهُ عَصَبَتُهُ مَنْ كَانُوا، فَإِنْ تَرَكَ دَيْنًا أَوْ ضِيَاعًا فَلْيَأْتِنِي وَأَنَا مَوْلاَهُ ".
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "There is no believer but I, of all the people, I am the closest to him both in this
world and in the Hereafter. Recite if you wish: 'The Prophet (ﷺ) is closer to the believers than their own
selves.' (33.6) so if a believer (dies) leaves some property then his relatives will inherit that property;
but if he is in debt or he leaves poor children, let those (creditors and children) come to me (that I may
pay the debt and provide for the children), for them I am his sponsor (surely).
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 304
Hadith 4782
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:
حَدَّثَنَا مُعَلَّى بْنُ أَسَدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ الْمُخْتَارِ، حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي سَالِمٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ، مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَا كُنَّا نَدْعُوهُ إِلاَّ زَيْدَ ابْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ حَتَّى نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ {ادْعُوهُمْ لآبَائِهِمْ هُوَ أَقْسَطُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ}.
We used not to call Zaid bin Haritha the freed slave of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) except Zaid bin Muhammad till
the Qu'anic Verse was revealed: "Call them (adopted sons) by (the names of) their fathers. That is
more than just in the Sight of Allah." (33.5)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 306
Hadith 4784
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Zaid bin Thabit:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي خَارِجَةُ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ، قَالَ لَمَّا نَسَخْنَا الصُّحُفَ فِي الْمَصَاحِفِ فَقَدْتُ آيَةً مِنْ سُورَةِ الأَحْزَابِ، كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقْرَؤُهَا، لَمْ أَجِدْهَا مَعَ أَحَدٍ إِلاَّ مَعَ خُزَيْمَةَ الأَنْصَارِيِّ، الَّذِي جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم شَهَادَتَهُ شَهَادَةَ رَجُلَيْنِ {مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رِجَالٌ صَدَقُوا مَا عَاهَدُوا اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ}
When we collected the fragramentary manuscripts of the Qur'an into copies, I missed one of the
Verses of Surat al-Ahzab which I used to hear Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) reading. Finally I did not find it with
anybody except Khuza`ima Al-Ansari, whose witness was considered by Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) equal to the
witness of two men. (And that Verse was:)
'Among the believers are men who have been true to their covenant with Allah.'
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 307
Hadith 4785
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Aisha:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ، رضى الله عنها زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم جَاءَهَا حِينَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُخَيِّرَ أَزْوَاجَهُ، فَبَدَأَ بِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ " إِنِّي ذَاكِرٌ لَكِ أَمْرًا فَلاَ عَلَيْكِ أَنْ تَسْتَعْجِلِي حَتَّى تَسْتَأْمِرِي أَبَوَيْكِ "، وَقَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ أَبَوَىَّ لَمْ يَكُونَا يَأْمُرَانِي بِفِرَاقِهِ، قَالَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ " إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَالَ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لأَزْوَاجِكَ} ". إِلَى تَمَامِ الآيَتَيْنِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَفِي أَىِّ هَذَا أَسْتَأْمِرُ أَبَوَىَّ فَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالدَّارَ الآخِرَةَ.
(the wife of the Prophet) Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to me when Allah ordered him to give option to his
wives. So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) started with me, saying, "I am going to mention to you something but you
should not hasten (to give your reply) unless you consult your parents.' He knew that my parents
would not order me to leave him. Then he said, "Allah says:--
"O Prophet! Say to your wives..." (33.28-29)
On that I said to him, "Then why should I consult my parents? Verily, I seek Allah, His Apostle and
the Home of the Hereafter."
(the wife of the Prophet) when Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was ordered to give option to his wives, he started with
me, saying, "I am going to mention to you something, but you shall not hasten (to give your reply)
unless you consult your parents." The Prophet (ﷺ) knew that my parents would not order me to leave him.
Then he said, "Allah says: 'O Prophet (Muhammad)! Say to your wives: If you desire the life of this
world and its glitter........a great reward." (33.28-29) I said, "Then why I consult my parents? Verily, I
seek Allah, His Apostle and the Home of the Hereafter." Then all the other wives of the Prophet (ﷺ) did
the same as I did.
The Verse: 'But you did hide in your mind that which Allah was about to make manifest.' (33.37)
was revealed concerning Zainab bint Jahsh and Zaid bin Haritha.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 310
Hadith 4788
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Aisha:
حَدَّثَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، قَالَ هِشَامٌ حَدَّثَنَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ كُنْتُ أَغَارُ عَلَى اللاَّتِي وَهَبْنَ أَنْفُسَهُنَّ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَقُولُ أَتَهَبُ الْمَرْأَةُ نَفْسَهَا فَلَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى {تُرْجِئُ مَنْ تَشَاءُ مِنْهُنَّ وَتُؤْوِي إِلَيْكَ مَنْ تَشَاءُ وَمَنِ ابْتَغَيْتَ مِمَّنْ عَزَلْتَ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكَ} قُلْتُ مَا أُرَى رَبَّكَ إِلاَّ يُسَارِعُ فِي هَوَاكَ.
I used to look down upon those ladies who had given themselves to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and I used to say,
"Can a lady give herself (to a man)?" But when Allah revealed: "You (O Muhammad) can postpone
(the turn of) whom you will of them (your wives), and you may receive any of them whom you will;
and there is no blame on you if you invite one whose turn you have set aside (temporarily).' (33.51) I
said (to the Prophet), "I feel that your Lord hastens in fulfilling your wishes and desires."
`Aisha said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to take the permission of that wife with whom he was supposed to
stay overnight if he wanted to go to one other than her, after this Verse was revealed:--
"You (O Muhammad) can postpone (the turn of) whom you will of them (your wives) and you may
receive any (of them) whom you will; and there is no blame on you if you invite one whose turn you
have set aside (temporarily). (33.51) I asked Aisha, "What did you use to say (in this case)?" She
said, "I used to say to him, "If I could deny you the permission (to go to your other wives) I would not
allow your favor to be bestowed on any other person."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 312
Hadith 4790
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Umar:
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ عُمَرُ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْكَ الْبَرُّ وَالْفَاجِرُ، فَلَوْ أَمَرْتَ أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِالْحِجَابِ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ آيَةَ الْحِجَابِ.
I said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Good and bad persons enter upon you, so I suggest that you order the
mothers of the Believers (i.e. your wives) to observe veils." Then Allah revealed the Verses of Al-
Hijab.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 313
Hadith 4791
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرَّقَاشِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مِجْلَزٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم زَيْنَبَ ابْنَةَ جَحْشٍ دَعَا الْقَوْمَ، فَطَعِمُوا ثُمَّ جَلَسُوا يَتَحَدَّثُونَ وَإِذَا هُوَ كَأَنَّهُ يَتَهَيَّأُ لِلْقِيَامِ فَلَمْ يَقُومُوا، فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ قَامَ، فَلَمَّا قَامَ قَامَ مَنْ قَامَ، وَقَعَدَ ثَلاَثَةُ نَفَرٍ فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِيَدْخُلَ فَإِذَا الْقَوْمُ جُلُوسٌ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ قَامُوا، فَانْطَلَقْتُ فَجِئْتُ فَأَخْبَرْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُمْ قَدِ انْطَلَقُوا، فَجَاءَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ، فَذَهَبْتُ أَدْخُلُ فَأَلْقَى الْحِجَابَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لاَ تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ} الآيَةَ
When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) married Zainab bint Jahsh, he invited the people to a meal. They took the meal
and remained sitting and talking. Then the Prophet (showed them) as if he is ready to get up, yet they
did not get up. When he noticed that (there was no response to his movement), he got up, and the
others too, got up except three persons who kept on sitting. The Prophet (ﷺ) came back in order to enter
his house, but he went away again. Then they left, whereupon I set out and went to the Prophet (ﷺ) to tell
him that they had departed, so he came and entered his house. I wanted to enter along with him, but he
put a screen between me and him. Then Allah revealed:
'O you who believe! Do not enter the houses of the Prophet...' (33.53)
I of all the people know best this verse of Al-Hijab. When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) married Zainab bint Jahsh
she was with him in the house and he prepared a meal and invited the people (to it). They sat down
(after finishing their meal) and started chatting. So the Prophet (ﷺ) went out and then returned several
times while they were still sitting and talking. So Allah revealed the Verse:
'O you who believe! Enter not the Prophet's houses until leave is given to you for a meal, (and then)
not (so early as) to wait for its preparation .....ask them from behind a screen.' (33.53) So the screen
was set up and the people went away.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 315
Hadith 4793
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Anas:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَعْمَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ صُهَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ بُنِيَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِزَيْنَبَ ابْنَةِ جَحْشٍ بِخُبْزٍ وَلَحْمٍ فَأُرْسِلْتُ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ دَاعِيًا فَيَجِيءُ قَوْمٌ فَيَأْكُلُونَ وَيَخْرُجُونَ، ثُمَّ يَجِيءُ قَوْمٌ فَيَأْكُلُونَ وَيَخْرُجُونَ، فَدَعَوْتُ حَتَّى مَا أَجِدُ أَحَدًا أَدْعُو فَقُلْتُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ مَا أَجِدُ أَحَدًا أَدْعُوهُ قَالَ ارْفَعُوا طَعَامَكُمْ، وَبَقِيَ ثَلاَثَةُ رَهْطٍ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ فِي الْبَيْتِ، فَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى حُجْرَةِ عَائِشَةَ فَقَالَ
" السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ ". فَقَالَتْ وَعَلَيْكَ السَّلاَمُ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ، كَيْفَ وَجَدْتَ أَهْلَكَ بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ فَتَقَرَّى حُجَرَ نِسَائِهِ كُلِّهِنَّ، يَقُولُ لَهُنَّ كَمَا يَقُولُ لِعَائِشَةَ، وَيَقُلْنَ لَهُ كَمَا قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَإِذَا ثَلاَثَةُ رَهْطٍ فِي الْبَيْتِ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ، وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم شَدِيدَ الْحَيَاءِ، فَخَرَجَ مُنْطَلِقًا نَحْوَ حُجْرَةِ عَائِشَةَ فَمَا أَدْرِي آخْبَرْتُهُ أَوْ أُخْبِرَ أَنَّ الْقَوْمَ خَرَجُوا، فَرَجَعَ حَتَّى إِذَا وَضَعَ رِجْلَهُ فِي أُسْكُفَّةِ الْبَابِ دَاخِلَةً وَأُخْرَى خَارِجَةً أَرْخَى السِّتْرَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ، وَأُنْزِلَتْ آيَةُ الْحِجَابِ.
A banquet of bread and meat was held on the occasion of the marriage of the Prophet (ﷺ) to Zainab bint
Jahsh. I was sent to invite the people (to the banquet), and so the people started coming (in groups);
They would eat and then leave. Another batch would come, eat and leave. So I kept on inviting the
people till I found nobody to invite. Then I said, "O Allah's Prophet! I do not find anybody to invite."
He said, "Carry away the remaining food." Then a batch of three persons stayed in the house chatting.
The Prophet (ﷺ) left and went towards the dwelling place of Aisha and said, "Peace and Allah's Mercy be
on you, O the people of the house!" She replied, "Peace and the mercy of Allah be on you too. How
did you find your wife? May Allah bless you. Then he went to the dwelling places of all his other
wives and said to them the same as he said to Aisha and they said to him the same as Aisha had said to
him. Then the Prophet (ﷺ) returned and found a group of three persons still in the house chatting. The
Prophet was a very shy person, so he went out (for the second time) and went towards the dwelling
place of `Aisha. I do not remember whether I informed him that the people have gone away. So he
returned and as soon as he entered the gate, he drew the curtain between me and him, and then the
Verse of Al-Hijab was revealed.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 316
Hadith 4794
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Anas:
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بَكْرٍ السَّهْمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدٌ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ أَوْلَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حِينَ بَنَى بِزَيْنَبَ ابْنَةِ جَحْشٍ فَأَشْبَعَ النَّاسَ خُبْزًا وَلَحْمًا ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى حُجَرِ أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كَمَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ صَبِيحَةَ بِنَائِهِ فَيُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِنَّ وَيَدْعُو لَهُنَّ وَيُسَلِّمْنَ عَلَيْهِ وَيَدْعُونَ لَهُ فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ رَأَى رَجُلَيْنِ جَرَى بِهِمَا الْحَدِيثُ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُمَا رَجَعَ عَنْ بَيْتِهِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى الرَّجُلاَنِ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم رَجَعَ عَنْ بَيْتِهِ وَثَبَا مُسْرِعَيْنِ، فَمَا أَدْرِي أَنَا أَخْبَرْتُهُ بِخُرُوجِهِمَا أَمْ أُخْبِرَ فَرَجَعَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْبَيْتَ، وَأَرْخَى السِّتْرَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ وَأُنْزِلَتْ آيَةُ الْحِجَابِ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى حَدَّثَنِي حُمَيْدٌ سَمِعَ أَنَسًا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم.
When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) married Zainab bint Jahsh, he made the people eat meat and bread to their fill
(by giving a Walima banquet). Then he went out to the dwelling places of the mothers of the believers
(his wives), as he used to do in the morning of his marriage. He would greet them and invoke good on
them, and they (too) would return his greeting and invoke good on him. When he returned to his
house, he found two men talking to each other; and when he saw them, he went out of his house again.
When those two men saw Allah's Messenger (ﷺ): going out of his house, they quickly got up (and departed).
I do not remember whether I informed him of their departure, or he was informed (by somebody else).
So he returned, and when he entered the house, he lowered the curtain between me and him. Then the
Verse of Al-Hijab was revealed.
Sauda (the wife of the Prophet) went out to answer the call of nature after it was made obligatory (for
all the Muslims ladies) to observe the veil. She had a large frame and everybody who knew her
before could recognize her. So `Umar bin Al-Khattab saw her and said, "O Sauda! By Allah, you
cannot hide yourself from us, so think of a way by which you should not be recognized on going out.
Sauda returned while Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was in my house taking his supper and a bone covered with
meat was in his hand. She entered and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I went out to answer the call of nature
and `Umar said to me so-and-so." Then Allah inspired him (the Prophet) and when the state of
inspiration was over and the bone was still in his hand as he had not put in down, he said (to Sauda),
"You (women) have been allowed to go out for your needs."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 318
Hadith 4796
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Aisha:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، حَدَّثَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتِ اسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَىَّ أَفْلَحُ أَخُو أَبِي الْقُعَيْسِ بَعْدَ مَا أُنْزِلَ الْحِجَابُ، فَقُلْتُ لاَ آذَنُ لَهُ حَتَّى أَسْتَأْذِنَ فِيهِ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَإِنَّ أَخَاهُ أَبَا الْقُعَيْسِ لَيْسَ هُوَ أَرْضَعَنِي، وَلَكِنْ أَرْضَعَتْنِي امْرَأَةُ أَبِي الْقُعَيْسِ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَىَّ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّ أَفْلَحَ أَخَا أَبِي الْقُعَيْسِ اسْتَأْذَنَ، فَأَبَيْتُ أَنْ آذَنَ حَتَّى أَسْتَأْذِنَكَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " وَمَا مَنَعَكِ أَنْ تَأْذَنِي عَمُّكِ ". قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيْسَ هُوَ أَرْضَعَنِي، وَلَكِنْ أَرْضَعَتْنِي امْرَأَةُ أَبِي الْقُعَيْسِ. فَقَالَ " ائْذَنِي لَهُ فَإِنَّهُ عَمُّكِ، تَرِبَتْ يَمِينُكِ ". قَالَ عُرْوَةُ فَلِذَلِكَ كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ تَقُولُ حَرِّمُوا مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ مَا تُحَرِّمُونَ مِنَ النَّسَبِ.
Aflah, the brother of Abi Al-Qu`ais, asked permission to visit me after the order of Al-Hijab was
revealed. I said, "I will not permit him unless I take permission of the Prophet (ﷺ) about him for it was not
the brother of Abi Al-Qu`ais but the wife of Abi Al-Qu`ais that nursed me." The Prophet (ﷺ) entered upon
me, and I said to him, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Aflah, the brother of Abi Al-Qu`ais asked permission to
visit me but I refused to permit him unless I took your permission." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "What stopped
you from permitting him? He is your uncle." I said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! The man was not the person
who had nursed me, but the woman, the wife of Abi Al-Qu`ais had nursed me." He said, "Admit him,
for he is your uncle. Taribat Yaminuki (may your right hand be saved)" `Urwa, the sub-narrator
added: For that `Aisha used to say, "Consider those things which are illegal because of blood relations
as illegal because of the corresponding foster relations."
It was said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! We know how to greet you, but how to invoke Allah for you?" The
Prophet said, "Say: Allahumma salli ala Muhammadin wa'ala `Ali Muhammaddin, kama sallaita 'ala
all Ibrahim, innaka Hamidun Majid."
We said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! (We know) this greeting (to you) but how shall we invoke Allah for
you?" He said, "Say! Allahumma salli ala Muhammadin `Abdika wa rasulika kama- sallaita 'ala all
Ibrahim wa barik ala Muhammadin wa'ala all Muhammadin kama barakta 'ala all Ibrahim.' Al-Laith
said: 'Ala Muhammadin wa 'ala all Muhammadin kama barakta ala all Ibrahim.
Narrated Ibn Abi Hazim and Ad-Darawardi:
Yazid said, "Kama sallaita ala Ibrahima wa barik 'ala Muhammad in wa all Muhammadin kama barakta 'ala Abrahima wa all Ibrahim."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 321
Hadith 4799
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَخْبَرَنَا رَوْحُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَوْفٌ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، وَمُحَمَّدٍ، وَخِلاَسٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِنَّ مُوسَى كَانَ رَجُلاً حَيِيًّا، وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لاَ تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ آذَوْا مُوسَى فَبَرَّأَهُ اللَّهُ مِمَّا قَالُوا وَكَانَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَجِيهًا}"
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Moses was a shy man, and that is what the Statement of Allah means:
'O you who believe Be not like those who annoyed Moses, but Allah proved his innocence of that
which they alleged and he was honorable in Allah's Sight.' (33.69)
Allah's Prophet said, "When Allah decrees some order in the heaven, the angels flutter their wings
indicating complete surrender to His saying which sounds like chains being dragged on rock. And
when the state of fear disappears, they ask each other, "What has your Lord ordered? They say that He
has said that which is true and just, and He is the Most High, the Most Great." (34.23). Then the
stealthy listeners (devils) hear this order, and these stealthy listeners are like this, one over the other."
(Sufyan, a sub-narrator demonstrated that by holding his hand upright and separating the fingers.) A
stealthy listener hears a word which he will convey to that which is below him and the second will
convey it to that which is below him till the last of them will convey it to the wizard or foreteller.
Sometimes a flame (fire) may strike the devil before he can convey it, and sometimes he may convey
it before the flame (fire) strikes him, whereupon the wizard adds to that word a hundred lies. The
people will then say, 'Didn't he (i.e. magician) tell such-and-such a thing on such-and-such date?' So
that magician is said to have told the truth because of the Statement which has been heard from the
heavens."
One day the Prophet (ﷺ) ascended Safa mountain and said, "Oh Sabah! " All the Quraish gathered round
him and said, "What is the matter?" He said, Look, if I told you that an enemy is going to attack you
in the morning or in the evening, would you not believe me?" They said, "Yes, we will believe you."
He said, "I am a warner to you in face of a terrible punishment." On that Abu Lahab said, "May you
perish ! Is it for this thing that you have gathered us?" So Allah revealed:
'Perish the hands of Abu Lahab!...' (111.1)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 325
Hadith 4802
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Dharr:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي الْمَسْجِدِ عِنْدَ غُرُوبِ الشَّمْسِ فَقَالَ " يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ أَتَدْرِي أَيْنَ تَغْرُبُ الشَّمْسُ ". قُلْتُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ. قَالَ " فَإِنَّهَا تَذْهَبُ حَتَّى تَسْجُدَ تَحْتَ الْعَرْشِ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى {وَالشَّمْسُ تَجْرِي لِمُسْتَقَرٍّ لَهَا ذَلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ}"
Once I was with the Prophet (ﷺ) in the mosque at the time of sunset. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "O Abu Dharr! Do
you know where the sun sets?" I replied, "Allah and His Apostle know best." He said, "It goes and
prostrates underneath (Allah's) Throne; and that is Allah's Statement:--
'And the sun runs on its fixed course for a term (decreed). And that is the decree of All-Mighty, the
All-Knowing....' (36.38)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 326
Hadith 4803
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Dharr:
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {وَالشَّمْسُ تَجْرِي لِمُسْتَقَرٍّ لَهَا} قَالَ " مُسْتَقَرُّهَا تَحْتَ الْعَرْشِ ".
I asked the Prophet (ﷺ) about the Statement of Allah:--
'And the sun runs on fixed course for a term (decreed), ' (36.38) He said, "Its course is underneath
"Allah's Throne." (Prostration of Sun trees, stars. mentioned in Qur'an and Hadith does not mean like
our prostration but it means that these objects are obedient to their Creator (Allah) and they obey for
what they have been created for).
I asked Muhajid regarding the prostration in Surat Sa`d. He said, "Ibn `Abbas was asked the same
question and he said, 'Those are they (the prophets) whom Allah had Guided. So follow their
guidance." (6.90) Ibn `Abbas used to perform a prostration (on reading this Sura).
I asked Mujahid regarding the prostration in Surat Sa`d. He said, "I asked Ibn `Abbas, 'What evidence
makes you prostrate?' He said, "Don't you recite:--'And among his progeny, David and
Solomon..(6.84). Those are they whom Allah had guided. So follow their guidance.' (6.90) So David
was the one of those prophets whom Prophet (Muhammad) was ordered to follow. David prostrated,
so Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) (Muhammad) performed this prostration too.'
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Last night a demon from the Jinns came to me (or the Prophet (ﷺ) said, a similar sentence) to disturb my prayer, but Allah gave me the power to overcome him. I intended to tie him to one of the pillars of the mosque till the morning so that all of you could see him, but then I remembered the Statement of my brother Solomon:--'My Lord! Forgive me and bestow on me a kingdom such as shall not belong to any other after me.' (38.35) The narrator added: Then he (the Prophet) dismissed him, rejected.
We came upon `Abdullah bin Mas`ud and he said "O people! If somebody knows something, he can
say it, but if he does not know it, he should say, "Allah knows better,' for it is a sign of having
knowledge to say about something which one does not know, 'Allah knows better.' Allah said to His
Prophet: 'Say (O Muhammad ! ) No wage do I ask of You for this (Qur'an) nor am I one of the
pretenders (a person who pretends things which do not exist).' (38.86) Now I will tell you about Ad-
Dukhan (the smoke), Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) invited the Quraish to embrace Islam, but they delayed their
response. So he said, "O Allah! Help me against them by sending on them seven years of famine
similar to the seven years of famine of Joseph." So the famine year overtook them and everything was
destroyed till they ate dead animals and skins. People started imagining to see smoke between them
and the sky because of severe hunger. Allah said:
'Then watch you for the Day that the sky will bring forth a kind of smoke plainly visible, covering the
people. . . This is painful torment.' (44.10-11) (So they invoked Allah) "Our Lord! Remove the
punishment from us really we are believers." How can there be an (effectual) reminder for them when
an Apostle, explaining things clearly, has already come to them? Then they had turned away from him
and said: 'One taught (by a human being), a madman?' 'We shall indeed remove punishment for a
while, but truly, you will revert (to disbelief).' (44.12-15) Will the punishment be removed on the Day
of Resurrection?" `Abdullah added, "The punishment was removed from them for a while but they
reverted to disbelief, so Allah destroyed them on the Day of Badr. Allah said:
'The day We shall seize you with a mighty grasp. We will indeed (then) exact retribution." (44.16)
Some pagans who committed murders in great number and committed illegal sexual intercourse
excessively, came to Muhammad and said, "O Muhammad! Whatever you say and invite people to, is
good: but we wish if you could inform us whether we can make an expiration for our (past evil)
deeds." So the Divine Verses came: 'Those who invoke not with Allah any other god, not kill such life
as Allah has forbidden except for just cause, nor commit illegal sexual intercourse.' (25.68) And
there was also revealed:-- 'Say: O My slaves who have transgressed against their souls! Despair not of
the Mercy of Allah.' (39.53)
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 334
Hadith 4811
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Abdullah:
حَدَّثَنَا آدَمُ، حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَبِيدَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ جَاءَ حَبْرٌ مِنَ الأَحْبَارِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ، إِنَّا نَجِدُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَجْعَلُ السَّمَوَاتِ عَلَى إِصْبَعٍ وَالأَرَضِينَ عَلَى إِصْبَعٍ، وَالشَّجَرَ عَلَى إِصْبَعٍ، وَالْمَاءَ وَالثَّرَى عَلَى إِصْبَعٍ، وَسَائِرَ الْخَلاَئِقِ عَلَى إِصْبَعٍ، فَيَقُولُ أَنَا الْمَلِكُ. فَضَحِكَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَتَّى بَدَتْ نَوَاجِذُهُ تَصْدِيقًا لِقَوْلِ الْحَبْرِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم {وَمَا قَدَرُوا اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ وَالأَرْضُ جَمِيعًا قَبْضَتُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَالسَّمَوَاتُ مَطْوِيَّاتٌ بِيَمِينِهِ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ}
A (Jewish) Rabbi came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he said, "O Muhammad! We learn that Allah will put
all the heavens on one finger, and the earths on one finger, and the trees on one finger, and the water
and the dust on one finger, and all the other created beings on one finger. Then He will say, 'I am the
King.' Thereupon the Prophet (ﷺ) smiled so that his pre-molar teeth became visible, and that was the
confirmation of the Rabbi. Then Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) recited:
'They made not a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him. And on the Day of Resurrection the whole of the earth will be grasped by His Hand and the heavens will be rolled up in His Right Hand. Glorified is He, and High is He above all that they associate as partners with Him.' (39.67)
I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying, "Allah will hold the whole earth, and roll all the heavens up in His
Right Hand, and then He will say, 'I am the King; where are the kings of the earth?"'
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 336
Hadith 4813
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Abu Huraira:
حَدَّثَنِي الْحَسَنُ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ خَلِيلٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ، عَنْ زَكَرِيَّاءَ بْنِ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" إِنِّي أَوَّلُ مَنْ يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ بَعْدَ النَّفْخَةِ الآخِرَةِ، فَإِذَا أَنَا بِمُوسَى مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِالْعَرْشِ فَلاَ أَدْرِي أَكَذَلِكَ كَانَ أَمْ بَعْدَ النَّفْخَةِ ".
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "I will be the first to raise my head after the second blowing of the trumpet and will
see Moses hanging the Throne, and I will not know whether he had been in that state all the time or
after the blowing of the trumpet."
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Between the two blowing of the trumpet there will be forty." The people said, "O
Abu Huraira! Forty days?" I refused to reply. They said, "Forty years?" I refused to reply and added:
Everything of the human body will decay except the coccyx bone (of the tail) and from that bone
Allah will reconstruct the whole body.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 338
Hadith 4815
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated `Urwa bin Az-Zubair:
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الأَوْزَاعِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، قَالَ قُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ أَخْبِرْنِي بِأَشَدِّ، مَا صَنَعَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُصَلِّي بِفِنَاءِ الْكَعْبَةِ، إِذْ أَقْبَلَ عُقْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ، فَأَخَذَ بِمَنْكِبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَلَوَى ثَوْبَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ فَخَنَقَهُ خَنْقًا شَدِيدًا، فَأَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَأَخَذَ بِمَنْكِبِهِ، وَدَفَعَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَقَالَ {أَتَقْتُلُونَ رَجُلاً أَنْ يَقُولَ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ وَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ}
I asked `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`As to inform me of the worst thing the pagans had done to Allah's
Apostle. He said: "While Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was praying in the courtyard of the Ka`ba, `Uqba bin Abi
Mu'ait came and seized Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) by the shoulder and twisted his garment round his neck and
throttled him severely. Abu Bakr came and seized `Uqba's shoulder and threw him away from Allah's
Apostle and said, "Would you kill a man because he says: 'My Lord is Allah,' and has come to you
with clear Signs from your Lord?" (40.28)
(regarding) the Verse: 'And you have not been screening against yourself lest your ears, and your eyes
and your skins should testify against you..' (41.22) While two persons from Quraish and their brotherin-
law from Thaqif (or two persons from Thaqif and their brother-in-law from Quraish) were in a
house, they said to each other, "Do you think that Allah hears our talks?" Some said, "He hears a
portion thereof" Others said, "If He can hear a portion of it, He can hear all of it." Then the following
Verse was revealed:
'And you have not been screening against yourself lest your ears, and your eyes and your skins should
testify against you...' (41.22)
There gathered near the House (i.e. the Ka`ba) two Quraishi persons and a person from Thaqif (or two
persons from Thaqif and one from Quraish), and all of them with very fat bellies but very little
intelligence. One of them said, "Do you think that Allah hears what we say?" Another said, "He hears
us when we talk in a loud voice, but He doesn't hear us when we talk in a low tone." The third said, "If
He can hear when we talk in a loud tone, then He can also hear when we speak in a low tone." Then
Allah, the Honorable, the Majestic revealed:
'And you have not been screening against yourself lest your ears, and eyes and your skins should
testify against you....' (41.22-23)
This hadith has been narrated through another chain as well.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 341
Hadith 4818
Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - كتاب التفسير
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ طَاوُسًا، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ. أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ {إِلاَّ الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَى} فَقَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ قُرْبَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَجِلْتَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم لَمْ يَكُنْ بَطْنٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إِلاَّ كَانَ لَهُ فِيهِمْ قَرَابَةٌ فَقَالَ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَصِلُوا مَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ مِنَ الْقَرَابَةِ.
That he was asked (regarding):
"Except to be kind to me for my Kinship with you.' (42.23) Sa`id bin Zubair (who was present then)
said, "It means here (to show what is due for) the relatives of Muhammad." On that Ibn `Abbas said:
you have hurried in giving the answer! There was no branch of the tribe of Quraish but the Prophet (ﷺ)
had relatives therein. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "I do not want anything from (you ) except to be Kind to me
for my Kinship with you."
Five things have passed, i.e. the smoke, the defeat of the Romans, the splitting of the moon, Al-Batsha
(the defeat of the infidels in the battle of Badr) and Al-Lizam (the punishment)'.
It (i.e., the imagined smoke) was because, when the Quraish refused to obey the Prophet, he asked
Allah to afflict them with years of famine similar to those of (Prophet) Joseph. So they were stricken
with famine and fatigue, so much so that they ate even bones. A man would look towards the sky and
imagine seeing something like smoke between him and the sky because of extreme fatigue. So Allah
revealed:--
'Then watch you for the Day that the sky will bring forth a kind of smoke plainly visible, covering the
people; this is a painfull of torment.' (44.10-11)
Then someone (Abu Sufyan) came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Invoke Allah to
send rain for the tribes of Mudar for they are on the verge of destruction." On that the Prophet (ﷺ) said
(astonishingly) "Shall I invoke Allah) for the tribes of Mudar? Verily, you are a brave man!" But the
Prophet prayed for rain and it rained for them. Then the Verse was revealed.
'But truly you will return (to disbelief).' (44.15) (When the famine was over and) they restored
prosperity and welfare, they reverted to their ways (of heathenism) whereupon Allah revealed:
'On the Day when We shall seize you with a Mighty Grasp. We will indeed (then) exact retribution.'
(44.16) The narrator said, "That was the day of the Battle of Badr."
It is a sign of having knowledge that, when you do not know something, you say: 'Allah knows better.'
Allah said to his Prophet:
'Say: No wage do I ask of you for this (Qur'an), nor am I one of the pretenders (a person who pretends
things which do not exist)' (38.86) When the Quraish troubled and stood against the Prophet (ﷺ) he said,
"O Allah! Help me against them by afflicting them with seven years of famine like the seven years of
Joseph." So they were stricken with a year of famine during which they ate bones and dead animals
because of too much suffering, and one of them would see something like smoke between him and the
sky because of hunger. Then they said: Our Lord! Remove the torment from us, really we are
believers. (44.12) And then it was said to the Prophet (by Allah), "If we remove it from them. they
will revert to their ways (of heathenism)." So the Prophet (ﷺ) invoked his Lord, who removed the
punishment from them, but later they reverted (to heathenism), whereupon Allah punished them on
the day of the Battle of Badr, and that is what Allah's Statement indicates:
'Then watch for the day that the sky will bring forth a kind of smoke plainly visible...we will indeed
(then) exact retribution.' (44.10).