The first Adhan used to be when the Imam sat on the Minbar on Friday, at the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr and 'Umar. During the caliphate of 'Uthman, when the number of people increased, 'Uthman commanded that a third Adhan be given on Friday, so that Adhan was given from the top of Az-Zawra, and that is how it remained.
"The third Adhan was ordered by 'Uthman when the number of people in Al-Madinah increased. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) only had one Adhan, and the Adhan on Friday was when the Imam sat down."
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنِ السَّائِبِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ كَانَ بِلاَلٌ يُؤَذِّنُ إِذَا جَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَإِذَا نَزَلَ أَقَامَ ثُمَّ كَانَ كَذَلِكَ فِي زَمَنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ رضى الله عنهما .
It was narrated that As-Sa'ib bin Yazid said:
"Bilal used to call the Adhan when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sat on the Minbar on Friday, and when he came down he would say the Iqamah. It continued like that during the time of Abu Bakr and 'Umar, may Allah (SWT) be pleased with them."
"I heard Jabir bin 'Abdullah say: 'The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If any one of you comes and the Imam has appeared, let him pray two Rak'ahs. Shu'bah (one of the narrators) said: "On Friday."
Chapter 17: Where The Imam Should Stand During The Khutbah - كتاب الجمعة
أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ سَوَّادِ بْنِ الأَسْوَدِ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، أَنَّ أَبَا الزُّبَيْرِ، أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ، سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، يَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا خَطَبَ يَسْتَنِدُ إِلَى جِذْعِ نَخْلَةٍ مِنْ سَوَارِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَلَمَّا صُنِعَ الْمِنْبَرُ وَاسْتَوَى عَلَيْهِ اضْطَرَبَتْ تِلْكَ السَّارِيَةُ كَحَنِينِ النَّاقَةِ حَتَّى سَمِعَهَا أَهْلُ الْمَسْجِدِ حَتَّى نَزَلَ إِلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَاعْتَنَقَهَا فَسَكَتَتْ .
Jabir bin 'Abdullah said:
"When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) delivered the khutbah, he used to lean against a palm tree trunk that formed one of the pillars of the Masjid. When the Minbar was made and he sat down on it, that pillar made a sound like the groaning of a camel, which the people of the Masjid heard, until the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came down and embraced it, then it fell silent."
He entered the masjid and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Umm Al-Hakam was delivering the Khutbah while seated. "He said: 'Look at this man who is delivering the khutbah while seated when Allah (SWT) says: And when they see some merchandise or some amusement they disperse headlong to it, and leave you standing.'"
It was narrated from Aws bin Aws Ath-Thaqafi that :
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever washes (ghassala) and performs ghusl, and comes early to the masjid and sits near the imam, is attentive and does not engage in idle talk, for every step he takes he will have (the reward of) a year's worth of good deeds, its fasting and Qiyam prayer."
It was narrated from Abu Az-Zahiriyah about 'Abdullah bin Busr, he said:
"I was sitting beside him on Friday and he said: 'A man came, stepping over people's necks, and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Sit down, you are disturbing people."
He heard Jabir bin 'Abdullah say: "A man came when the Prophet (ﷺ) was on the minbar on a Friday. He said to him: 'Have you prayed two rak'ahs?' He said: 'No.' He said: 'Pray.'"
Chapter 22: Listening Attentively To The Khutbah On Friday - كتاب الجمعة
أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" مَنْ قَالَ لِصَاحِبِهِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَالإِمَامُ يَخْطُبُ أَنْصِتْ فَقَدْ لَغَا " .
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever says to his companion on Friday, when the imam is delivering the khutbah: 'Listen attentively,' has engaged in idle talk."
It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Ibrahim bin Qariz and Sa'eed bin Al-Musayyab that:
Abu Hurairah said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'If you say to your companion: Listen attentively on a Friday when the Imam is delivering the khutbah, then you have engaged in idle talk.'"
"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to me: 'There is no man who purifies himself on Friday as he is commanded, then comes out of his house to the Friday prayer, and listens attentively until he finishes his prayer, but it will be an expiation for what came before it the week before."
"The Prophet (ﷺ) taught us Khutbat Al-Hajah: Alhamduu lillahi nasta'inuhu wa nastagfiruhu, wa na'udhu billahi min shururi anfusina wa sayi'ati a'malina. Man yahdihillahu fala mudilla lahu wa man yudlil fala hadiya lahu. Wa ashhadu an la ilaha illallahu wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan 'abduhu wa rasuluhu. (Praise be to Allah, we seek His help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge in Allah from the evil of our own souls and from our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allah guides will never be led astray,and whomsoever Allah leaves astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.) Then he recited the following three verses: O you who believe! Fear Allah as He should be feared, and die not except as Muslims; O Mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single person, and from him he created his wife, and from them he created many men and women, and fear Allah through Whom you demand your mutual (rights), and (do not cut the relations of) the wombs (kinship). Surely, Allah is Ever an All-Watcher over you); O you who believe! Keep your duty to Allah and fear Him, and speak (always) the truth.)"
He asked Ibn Shihab about ghusl on Friday. He said: "It is a sunnah; Salim bin 'Abdullah told me, narrating from his father, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) spoke about it from the minbar."
Chapter 26: The Imam Encouraging The People To Give Charity On Friday During His Khutbah - كتاب الجمعة
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَجْلاَنَ، عَنْ عِيَاضِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ، يَقُولُ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَالنَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَخْطُبُ بِهَيْئَةٍ بَذَّةٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أَصَلَّيْتَ " . قَالَ لاَ . قَالَ " صَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ " . وَحَثَّ النَّاسَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ فَأَلْقُوا ثِيَابًا فَأَعْطَاهُ مِنْهَا ثَوْبَيْنِ فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الْجُمُعَةُ الثَّانِيَةُ جَاءَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَخْطُبُ فَحَثَّ النَّاسَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ - قَالَ - فَأَلْقَى أَحَدَ ثَوْبَيْهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " جَاءَ هَذَا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ بِهَيْئَةٍ بَذَّةٍ فَأَمَرْتُ النَّاسَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ فَأَلْقَوا ثِيَابًا فَأَمَرْتُ لَهُ مِنْهَا بِثَوْبَيْنِ ثُمَّ جَاءَ الآنَ فَأَمَرْتُ النَّاسَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ فَأَلْقَى أَحَدَهُمَا " . فَانَتْهَرَهُ وَقَالَ " خُذْ ثَوْبَكَ " .
It was narrated that Iyad bin 'Abdullah said:
"I heard Abu Sa'eed Al-Khudri say: 'A man who appeared shabbily came on a Friday, while the Prophet (ﷺ) was delivering the Khutbah. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him: 'Have you prayed?" He said: 'No." He said: 'Pray two rak'ahs.' And he urged the people to give in charity. They gave clothes, and he gave him two garments. The following Friday, he came when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was delivering the khutbah, and he urged the people to give charity. (That man) gave one of his two garments and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'This man came last Friday looking shabby, and I commanded the people to give charity and they gave clothes, and I said that he should be given two garments, and now he came and I commanded the people to give charity and he gave one of them. So he chided him and said: Take your garment.'"
Chapter 27: The Imam Addressing His Followers When He Is On The Minbar - كتاب الجمعة
أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ بَيْنَا النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَخْطُبُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِذْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " صَلَّيْتَ " . قَالَ لاَ . قَالَ " قُمْ فَارْكَعْ " .
It was narrated from Jabir bin 'Abdullah who said:
"While the Prophet (ﷺ) was delivering the khutbah on Friday, a man came and the Prophet (ﷺ) said: 'Have you prayed?' He said: 'No.' He said: Stand up and pray.'"
"I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on the Minbar, and Al-Hasan was with him. He would turn to the people sometimes and turn to him (Al-Hasan) sometimes, and he said: 'This son of mine is a leader (Sayyid) and Allah may make peace between two large groups of Muslims through him.'"
It was narrated from Muhammad bin 'Abdur-Rahman that:
The daughter of Harithah bin An-Nu'man said: "I memorized 'Qaf. By the Glorious Qur'an,'" from the mouth of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) when he was on the minbar on Friday."
Bishr bin Marwan raised his hands on Friday on the minbar, and 'Umarah bin Ruwaibah condemned him and said: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did no more than this,' and he pointed with his forefinger.
Chapter 30: The Imam Coming Down From The Minbar Before He Finishes The Khutbah, Interrupting Himself And Going Back To The Minbar - كتاب الجمعة
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ مُوسَى، عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَخْطُبُ فَجَاءَ الْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ - رضى الله عنهما - وَعَلَيْهِمَا قَمِيصَانِ أَحْمَرَانِ يَعْثُرَانِ فِيهِمَا فَنَزَلَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَطَعَ كَلاَمَهُ فَحَمَلَهُمَا ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ثُمَّ قَالَ " صَدَقَ اللَّهُ { إِنَّمَا أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَأَوْلاَدُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ } رَأَيْتُ هَذَيْنِ يَعْثُرَانِ فِي قَمِيصَيْهِمَا فَلَمْ أَصْبِرْ حَتَّى قَطَعْتُ كَلاَمِي فَحَمَلْتُهُمَا " .
It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Buraidah that his father said:
"The Prophet (ﷺ) was preaching, then Al-Hasan and Al-Husain came, wearing red shirts and stumbling in them. The Prophet (ﷺ) came down, interrupting himself, and picked them up, then he went back to the minbar and said: 'Allah has spoken the truth: Your wealth and your children are only a trial (At-Taghabun 64:15). I saw these two stumbling in their shirts and I could not continue until I had interrupted myself and picked them up.'"
"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to recite a great deal of remembrance, engage little in idle talk, make the prayer long and keep the khutbah short, and he would not refrain from walking with a widow or poor person and tending to their needs."