that the Messenger of Allah said: "It is not permissible to lend on the condition of a sale, or to have two conditions in one transaction, or to sell what you do not have." (Sahih
"I asked the Prophet "O Messenger of Allah, a man may come to me and ask me to sell him something that I do not have. Can I sell it to him then go and buy it from the market?' He said: 'Do not sell what you do not have.'''
'We used to pay in advance during the time of the Messenger of Allah and Abu Bakr and 'Umar, for wheat, barley and dates, paying people whom we did not know if they had those things or not.'''Ibn Abza said meaning, similarly.
"Abu Burdah and 'Abdullah bin Shaddad argued about payment in advance. They sent me to Ibn Abi Awfa and I asked him (about that). He said: 'We used to pay in advance during the time of the Messenger of Allah and Abu Bakr and 'Umar, for wheat, barley, raisins and dates, paying people whom we did not see it with them." And I asked Ibn Abza and he said something similar to that.
"I heard Ibn 'Abbas say: 'When the Prophet came (to al-Madinah), they used to pay in advance for dates, two or three years in advance. He forbade them that and said: 'whoever pays in advance for dates, let him pay for a known amount or a known weight, to be delivered at a known time'''
"Go and buy a young camel for him." He came and said: "I could only get a Raba camel of good quality." He said: "Give it to him, for the best of the Muslims is the one who is best in repaying."
أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ كَانَ لِرَجُلٍ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم سِنٌّ مِنَ الإِبِلِ فَجَاءَ يَتَقَاضَاهُ فَقَالَ " أَعْطُوهُ " . فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا إِلاَّ سِنًّا فَوْقَ سِنِّهِ قَالَ " أَعْطُوهُ " . فَقَالَ أَوْفَيْتَنِي . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِنَّ خِيَارَكُمْ أَحْسَنُكُمْ قَضَاءً " .
"A man had lent a camel of a certain age to the Prophet and he came to get it back. He said: "Give it to him" But they could only find a camel that was older than it. He said: "Give it to him." He said: "You have repaid me well," The Messenger of Allah said; "The best of you is the one who is best in repaying"
"I lent a young camel to the Messenger of Allah, and I came to ask him to repay me. He said: 'Yes, I will only repay you with a superior she-camel.' so he repaid me and repaid me well. Then a Bedouin came to him to ask to repay him a camel of a certain age, and the Messenger of Allah said: 'Give him a camel of certain age.' On that day they gave him a mature camel and he said: 'This is better than my camel.' He (The Prophet) Said:' The best of you is the one who is best in repaying.'''
Chapter 66: Selling Animals for Animals of Different amounts or Quality, Hand to Hand - كتاب البيوع
It was narrated that Jabir Sair:
أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ جَاءَ عَبْدٌ فَبَايَعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ وَلاَ يَشْعُرُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ عَبْدٌ فَجَاءَ سَيِّدُهُ يُرِيدُهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" بِعْنِيهِ " . فَاشْتَرَاهُ بِعَبْدَيْنِ أَسْوَدَيْنِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ أَحَدًا بَعْدُ حَتَّى يَسْأَلَهُ أَعَبْدٌ هُوَ
"A slave came and gave his pledge to the Messenger of Allah to emigrate, and the Prophet did not realize that he was a slave. Then his master came looking for him. The Prophet said; 'Sell him to me.' So he bought him for two black slaves, then he did not accept until he had asked; 'Is he a slave?'''
the Messenger of Allah forbade selling the offspring of the offspring of a pregnant animal (Habal Al-Habalah), which was a transaction practiced by the people of the Jahiliyyah, whereby a man would buy camel to slaughter, but he would wait until the she-camel had produced offspring and the offspring in her belly had then produced offspring.
"The Messenger of Allah was wearing two Qitri garments which, if he sat and sweated, would become heavy (and uncomfortable). A Jewish man got some fabric from Ash-sham so I said: 'Why don't you send word to him to buy two garments from him, and pay him when things get easier?' So he sent word to him, but he said: 'I know what Muhammad wants; he wants to go away with my money and take them (the two garments).' The Messenger of Allah said; 'He is lying; he knows that I am one of the ones who fear Allah the most, and are most honest in fulfilling trusts.
Chapter 71: Lending on condition of Buying or Selling - كتاب البيوع
It was narrated from 'Amr bin shu'aib, from his father, from his grandfather, that:
أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ حُسَيْنٍ الْمُعَلِّمِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنْ سَلَفٍ وَبَيْعٍ وَشَرْطَيْنِ فِي بَيْعٍ وَرِبْحِ مَا لَمْ يُضْمَنْ .
the Messenger of Allah prohibited lending on the condition of a sale, or to have two conditions in one transaction, or to profit from what you do not posses.
Chapter 72: Two conditions in one Transaction, Which is When one Says: "I Will Sell You This For This Price, If You Pay After One Month, And Another Price If You Pay After Two Months'' - كتاب البيوع
"My father told me, mar rating from his father, from his father (and he mentioned 'Abdullah bin 'Amr) that he said: "The Messenger of Allah said: "It is not permissible to lend on the condition of a sale, or to stipulate two conditions in one transaction, or to make a profit on that which you do not possess.
Chapter 72: Two conditions in one Transaction, Which is When one Says: "I Will Sell You This For This Price, If You Pay After One Month, And Another Price If You Pay After Two Months'' - كتاب البيوع
It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib, from his father, that his grandfather said:
Chapter 73: Two Transactions In One, Which Is Where a Person Says: "I will Sell You This Produce For One Hundred Dirhams In Cash And Two Hundred Dirhams On Credit." - كتاب البيوع
It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said:
أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، وَيَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ فِي بَيْعَةٍ .
"The Messenger of Allah forbade two transactions in one."
"The Messenger of Allah forbade Muhaqalah, Muzahanah, Mukhabarah, Mu'awamah, and selling with an exception unless it is defined but he gave concession allowing 'Araya.
Chapter 75: Selling A Tree But Not Its Produce - كتاب البيوع
It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet said:
أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" أَيُّمَا امْرِئٍ أَبَّرَ نَخْلاً ثُمَّ بَاعَ أَصْلَهَا فَلِلَّذِي أَبَّرَ ثَمَرُ النَّخْلِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ " .
"Any man who pollinates a date-palm tree then sells it, the fruits of the tree are for the one who pollinated it, unless the purchaser stipulated otherwise."