سنن ابن ماجه
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It was narrated that 'Ali bin Abu Talib said:
حَدَّثَنَا سَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي سَهْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُضَيْلٍ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ، عَنْ أُمِّ مُوسَى، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، قَالَ كَانَ آخِرُ كَلاَمِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " الصَّلاَةَ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ " .
“The last words of the Prophet (ﷺ) were: The prayer; and those whom your right hands prossess.”
It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَا حَقُّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ أَنْ يَبِيتَ لَيْلَتَيْنِ وَلَهُ شَىْءٌ يُوصِي فِيهِ إِلاَّ وَوَصِيَّتُهُ مَكْتُوبَةٌ عِنْدَهُ " .
“The Muslim man has no right to spend two nights, if he has something for which a will should be made, without having a written will with him.”
It was narrated from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا دُرُسْتُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ الرَّقَاشِيُّ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " الْمَحْرُومُ مَنْ حُرِمَ وَصِيَّتَهُ " .
“The one who is deprived is the one who is deprived of a will.”
It was narrated from Jabir bin Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُصَفَّى الْحِمْصِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا بَقِيَّةُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَنْ مَاتَ عَلَى وَصِيَّةٍ مَاتَ عَلَى سَبِيلٍ وَسُنَّةٍ وَمَاتَ عَلَى تُقًى وَشَهَادَةٍ وَمَاتَ مَغْفُورًا لَهُ " .
“Whoever dies leaving a will, he dies on the right path and Sunnah, and he dies with piety and witness, and he dies forgiven.”
It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَعْمَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحُ بْنُ عَوْفٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " مَا حَقُّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَبِيتُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ وَلَهُ شَىْءٌ يُوصِي بِهِ إِلاَّ وَوَصِيَّتُهُ مَكْتُوبَةٌ عِنْدَهُ " .
“The Muslim man has no right to spend two nights, if he has something for which will should be made, without having a written will with him.”
It was narrated from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ زَيْدٍ الْعَمِّيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَنْ فَرَّ مِنْ مِيرَاثِ وَارِثِهِ قَطَعَ اللَّهُ مِيرَاثَهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ " .
“Whoever tries to avoid giving the inheritance to his heirs, Allah (SWT) will deprive him of his inheritance in Paradise on the Day of Resurrection.”
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الأَزْهَرِ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ أَشْعَثَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْخَيْرِ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً فَإِذَا أَوْصَى حَافَ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ فَيُخْتَمُ لَهُ بِشَرِّ عَمَلِهِ فَيَدْخُلُ النَّارَ وَإِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الشَّرِّ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً فَيَعْدِلُ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ فَيُخْتَمُ لَهُ بِخَيْرِ عَمَلِهِ فَيَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ " . قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ وَاقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ {تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {عَذَابٌ مُهِينٌ}
“A man may do the deeds of the people of goodness for seventy years, then when he makes his will, he is unjust in his will, so he ends (his life) with evil deeds and enters Hell. And a man may do the people of evil for seventy years, then he is just in his will, so he ends (his life) with good deeds and enters Paradise.”Abu Hurairah said: “Recite, if you wish: “These are the limits (set by) Allah (STW) up to His saying: 'a disgraceful torment'”
It was narrated from Mu'awiyah bin Qurrah, from his father that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ كَثِيرِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ الْحِمْصِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا بَقِيَّةُ، عَنْ أَبِي حَلْبَسٍ، عَنْ خُلَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي خُلَيْدٍ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ قُرَّةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَنْ حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ فَأَوْصَى وَكَانَتْ وَصِيَّتُهُ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ كَانَتْ كَفَّارَةً لِمَا تَرَكَ مِنْ زَكَاتِهِ فِي حَيَاتِهِ " .
“Whoever makes a will as death approaches, and his will is in accordance with the book of Allah (SWT) it will be an expiation for whatever he did not pay of his Zakah during his lifetime.”
It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا شَرِيكٌ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ الْقَعْقَاعِ، وَابْنِ، شُبْرُمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَبِّئْنِي بِأَحَقِّ النَّاسِ مِنِّي بِحُسْنِ الصُّحْبَةِ فَقَالَ " نَعَمْ وَأَبِيكَ لَتُنَبَّأَنَّ أُمُّكَ " . قَالَ ثُمَّ مَنْ قَالَ " ثُمَّ أُمُّكَ " . قَالَ ثُمَّ مَنْ قَالَ " ثُمَّ أُمُّكَ " . قَالَ ثُمَّ مَنْ قَالَ " ثُمَّ أَبُوكَ " . قَالَ نَبِّئْنِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَنْ مَالِي كَيْفَ أَتَصَدَّقُ فِيهِ قَالَ " نَعَمْ وَاللَّهِ لَتُنَبَّأَنَّ أَنْ تَصَدَّقَ وَأَنْتَ صَحِيحٌ شَحِيحٌ تَأْمُلُ الْعَيْشَ وَتَخَافُ الْفَقْرَ وَلاَ تُمْهِلْ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَتْ نَفْسُكَ هَاهُنَا قُلْتَ مَالِي لِفُلاَنٍ وَمَالِي لِفُلاَنٍ وَهُوَ لَهُمْ وَإِنْ كَرِهْتَ " .
“A man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: “O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), tell me, which of the people has most right to my good companionship?' He said: 'Yes, by your father, you will certainly be told.' He said: 'Your mother,' He said: 'Then who?' He said: Then your mother.' He said: 'Then who?' He said: Then your mother.' He said: 'Then who?' He said: Then your father.' He said: 'Tell me, O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about my wealth- how should I give in charity?' He said: 'Yes, by Allah (SWT) you will certainly be told. You should give in charity when you are still healthy and greedy for wealth, hoping for a long life and fearing poverty. Do not tarry until your soul reaches here and you say: “My wealth of for so-and-so,” and “My wealth of for so-and-so,” and it will be for them even though you dislike that.'”
It was narrated that Busr bin Jahhash Al-Quraishi that :
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَنْبَأَنَا حَرِيزُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَيْسَرَةَ، عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ، عَنْ بُسْرِ بْنِ جَحَّاشٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ، قَالَ بَزَقَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي كَفِّهِ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ أَصْبُعَهُ السَّبَّابَةَ وَقَالَ " يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنَّى تُعْجِزُنِي ابْنَ آدَمَ وَقَدْ خَلَقْتُكَ مِنْ مِثْلِ هَذِهِ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ نَفْسُكَ هَذِهِ - وَأَشَارَ إِلَى حَلْقِهِ - قُلْتَ أَتَصَدَّقُ وَأَنَّى أَوَانُ الصَّدَقَةِ " .
the Prophet (ﷺ) spat in his palm then pointed to it with his index finger and said: “Allah (SWT) says: 'Do you think you can escape from My punishment, O son of Adam, when I have created you from something like this? When your soul reaches here' - and (the Prophet (ﷺ)) pointed to his throat - 'You say: I give charity.' But it is too late for charity?”
It was narrated from 'Amir bin Sa'd that his father said:
حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، وَالْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، وَسَهْلٌ، قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ مَرِضْتُ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ حَتَّى أَشْفَيْتُ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ فَعَادَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُلْتُ أَىْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لِي مَالاً كَثِيرًا وَلَيْسَ يَرِثُنِي إِلاَّ ابْنَتِي أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ بِثُلُثَىْ مَالِي قَالَ " لاَ " . قُلْتُ فَالشَّطْرُ قَالَ " لاَ " . قُلْتُ فَالثُّلُثُ قَالَ " الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ إِنَّكَ أَنْ تَتْرُكَ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَتْرُكَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ " .
“I became sick during the year of the Conquest, and was at death's door. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came to visit me and I said: 'O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), I have a great deal of wealth and no one will inherit from me apart from my daughter. Can I give two thirds of my wealth in charity?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'Then half?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'One third?' He said: One third and one third is a lot. If you leave your heirs rich that is better than leaving them destitute and begging from people.”
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْكُمْ عِنْدَ وَفَاتِكُمْ بِثُلُثِ أَمْوَالِكُمْ زِيَادَةً لَكُمْ فِي أَعْمَالِكُمْ " .
“Allah (SWT) has been charitable with you over the disposal of one third of your wealth at the time of your death, so that you may be able to add to the record of your good deeds.”
It was narrated from Ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا صَالِحُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانِ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، أَنْبَأَنَا مُبَارَكُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ اثْنَتَانِ لَمْ تَكُنْ لَكَ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُمَا جَعَلْتُ لَكَ نَصِيبًا مِنْ مَالِكَ حِينَ أَخَذْتُ بِكَظَمِكَ لأُطَهِّرَكَ بِهِ وَأُزَكِّيَكَ وَصَلاَةُ عِبَادِي عَلَيْكَ بَعْدَ انْقِضَاءِ أَجَلِكَ " .
“(Allah says) O son of Adam! I have given you two things which you do not deserve (except by mercy of Allah (SWT)): I allow you to dispose of a share of your wealth when you are on your deathbed, in order to cleanse and purify you, and my slaves pray for you after your life is over.”
It was narrated that Ibn Abbas said:
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ وَدِدْتُ أَنَّ النَّاسَ، غَضُّوا مِنَ الثُّلُثِ إِلَى الرُّبُعِ لأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " الثُّلُثُ كَبِيرٌ - أَوْ كَثِيرٌ - " .
“I would like the people to reduce (the will) from one third to one quarter, because the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'One third is a lot.'”
It was narrated from 'Amr bin Kharijah:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَنْبَأَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ غَنْمٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَارِجَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم خَطَبَهُمْ وَهُوَ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ وَإِنَّ رَاحِلَتَهُ لَتَقْصَعُ بِجِرَّتِهَا وَإِنَّ لُغَامَهَا لَيَسِيلُ بَيْنَ كَتِفَىَّ قَالَ " إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَسَمَ لِكُلِّ وَارِثٍ نَصِيبَهُ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ فَلاَ يَجُوزُ لِوَارِثٍ وَصِيَّةٌ الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ وَمَنِ ادَّعَى إِلَى غَيْرِ أَبِيهِ أَوْ تَوَلَّى غَيْرَ مَوَالِيهِ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَالْمَلاَئِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ لاَ يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَرْفٌ وَلاَ عَدْلٌ " . أَوْ قَالَ " عَدْلٌ وَلاَ صَرْفٌ " .
“The Prophet (ﷺ) addressed them when he was on his camel. His camel was chewing its cud and its saliva was dripping between my shoulders. He said: 'Allah (SWT) has allocated for each heir his share of the inheritance, so it is not permissible (to make) a bequest for an heir. The child belong to the bed and the adulterer gets the stone. Whoever claims to belong to someone other than his father, or (a freed slave) who claims that his Wala is for other than his Mavali, upon him will be the curse of Allah, the angels and all the people, and no charge nor equitable exchange will be accepted from him.” Or he said: “No equitable exchange nor change.”
Shurahbil bin Muslim Al-Khawlani narrated from Abu Umamah Al-Bahili that the heard :
حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُرَحْبِيلُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ الْخَوْلاَنِيُّ، سَمِعْتُ أَبَا أُمَامَةَ الْبَاهِلِيَّ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ عَامَ حِجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ " إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَعْطَى كُلَّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ فَلاَ وَصِيَّةَ لِوَارِثٍ " .
the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say in his sermon, during the year of the Farewell pilgrimage: “Allah (SWT) has given each person who has rights his rights, and there is no bequest for in heir.”
It was narrated that Anas bin Malik said:
حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ شَابُورَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ إِنِّي لَتَحْتَ نَاقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَسِيلُ عَلَىَّ لُعَابُهَا فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ " إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَعْطَى كُلَّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ أَلاَ لاَ وَصِيَّةَ لِوَارِثٍ " .
“I was under the she-camel of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and its saliva was dripping between my shoulders, and I heard him say: 'Allah (SWT) has given each person who has rights his rights, but there is no bequest for an heir.”
It was narrated that 'Ali said:
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، قَالَ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِالدَّيْنِ قَبْلَ الْوَصِيَّةِ وَأَنْتُمْ تَقْرَءُونَهَا {مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِي بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ } وَإِنَّ أَعْيَانَ بَنِي الأُمِّ لَيَتَوَارَثُونَ دُونَ بَنِي الْعَلاَّتِ .
“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ruled that the debts should be paid off before the execution of the will. You recite: '(The distribution in all cases is) after the payment of legacies he may have bequeathed or debts.' The sons of one mother (from the same father) inherit from one another, but not the sons from different mothers (but the same father).”
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that a man asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ):
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَرْوَانَ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الْعُثْمَانِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ إِنَّ أَبِي مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ مَالاً وَلَمْ يُوصِ فَهَلْ يُكَفِّرُ عَنْهُ أَنْ تَصَدَّقْتُ عَنْهُ قَالَ " نَعَمْ " .
“My father died and left behind wealth, but he did not make a will. Will it expiate for him if I give charity on his behalf?” He said: “Yes.”
It was narrated from Aishah that a man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said:
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ إِنَّ أُمِّي افْتُلِتَتْ نَفْسُهَا وَلَمْ تُوصِ وَإِنِّي أَظُنُّهَا لَوْ تَكَلَّمَتْ لَتَصَدَّقَتْ فَلَهَا أَجْرٌ إِنْ تَصَدَّقْتُ عَنْهَا وَلِيَ أَجْرٌ فَقَالَ " نَعَمْ " .
“My mother died unexpectedly and she had not made a will. I think that if she could have spoken, she would have given in charity. Will she have a reward if I give in charity on her behalf, and will I have a reward?” He said: “Yes.”
It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib from his father, that his a grandfather said:
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الأَزْهَرِ، حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنٌ الْمُعَلِّمُ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ لاَ أَجِدُ شَيْئًا وَلَيْسَ لِي مَالٌ وَلِي يَتِيمٌ لَهُ مَالٌ قَالَ " كُلْ مِنْ مَالِ يَتِيمِكَ غَيْرَ مُسْرِفٍ وَلاَ مُتَأَثِّلٍ مَالاً " . قَالَ وَأَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ " وَلاَ تَقِي مَالَكَ بِمَالِهِ " .
“A man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: 'I do not have anything and I have no wealth, but I have an orphan (under my care) who has wealth.” He said: “Eat from the wealth of your orphan, without being extravagant or use it for trade.” He (narrator) said: “And I think he said: 'Do not preserve your wealth using his instead.'”
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ الْحِزَامِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَطَّافِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزِّنَادِ، عَنِ الأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ وَعَلِّمُوهَا فَإِنَّهُ نِصْفُ الْعِلْمِ وَهُوَ يُنْسَى وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ شَىْءٍ يُنْتَزَعُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي " .
“O Abu Hurairah. Learn about the inheritance and teach it, for it is half of knowledge, but it will be forgotten. This is the first thing that will be taken away from my nation.’”
It was narrated that Jabir bin ‘Abdullah said:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ الْعَدَنِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةُ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ بِابْنَتَىْ سَعْدٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَاتَانِ ابْنَتَا سَعْدٍ قُتِلَ مَعَكَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَإِنَّ عَمَّهُمَا أَخَذَ جَمِيعَ مَا تَرَكَ أَبُوهُمَا وَإِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ لاَ تُنْكَحُ إِلاَّ عَلَى مَالِهَا . فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَتَّى أُنْزِلَتْ آيَةُ الْمِيرَاثِ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَخَا سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ فَقَالَ " أَعْطِ ابْنَتَىْ سَعْدٍ ثُلُثَىْ مَالِهِ وَأَعْطِ امْرَأَتَهُ الثُّمُنَ وَخُذْ أَنْتَ مَا بَقِيَ " .
“The wife of Sa’d bin Rabi’ came with the two daughters of Sa’d to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, these are the two daughters of Sa’d. He was killed with you on the day of Uhud, and their paternal uncle has taken all that their father left behind, and a woman is only married for her wealth.’ The Prophet (ﷺ) remained silent until the Verse of inheritance was revealed to him. Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) called the brother of Sa’d bin Rabi’ and said: ‘Give the two daughters of Sa’d two thirds of his wealth, and give his wife on eighth, and take what is left.’”
It was narrated that Huzail bin Shurahbil said:
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي قَيْسٍ الأَوْدِيِّ، عَنِ الْهُزَيْلِ بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ، قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى الأَشْعَرِيِّ وَسَلْمَانَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ الْبَاهِلِيِّ فَسَأَلَهُمَا عَنِ ابْنَةٍ وَابْنَةِ ابْنٍ وَأُخْتٍ، لأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ فَقَالاَ لِلاِبْنَةِ النِّصْفُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلأُخْتِ وَائْتِ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ فَسَيُتَابِعُنَا . فَأَتَى الرَّجُلُ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ فَسَأَلَهُ وَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا قَالاَ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ قَدْ ضَلَلْتُ إِذًا وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُهْتَدِينَ وَلَكِنِّي سَأَقْضِي بِمَا قَضَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِلاِبْنَةِ النِّصْفُ وَلاِبْنَةِ الاِبْنِ السُّدُسُ تَكْمِلَةَ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلأُخْتِ .
“A man came to Abu Musa Al-Ash’ari and Salman bin Rabi’ah Al-Bahili and asked them about (the shares of) a daughter, a son’s daughter, a sister through one’s father and mother. They said: ‘The daughter gets one half, and what is left goes to the sister. Go to Ibn Mas’ud, for he will concur with what we say.’ So the man went to Ibn Mas’ud, and told him what they had said. ‘Abdullah said: ‘I will go astray and will not be guided (if I say that I agree); but I will judge as the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) judged. The daughter gets one half, and the son’s daughter gets one- sixth. That makes two thirds. And what is left goes to the sister.’”
It was narrated that Ma’qil bin Yasar Al-Muzani said:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا شَبَابَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ، عَنْ مَعْقِلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ الْمُزَنِيِّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أُتِيَ بِفَرِيضَةٍ فِيهَا جَدٌّ فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُلُثًا أَوْ سُدُسًا .
“I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) when a case was brought to him which involved the share of a grandfather. He gave him one third, or one sixth.”