Chapter 35: What was narrated concerning the prohibition of fasting on the days of Tashriq - كتاب الصيام
It was
narrated from Bishr bin Suhaim that:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ نَافِعِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ سُحَيْمٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ خَطَبَ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ فَقَالَ:
" لاَ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلاَّ نَفْسٌ مُسْلِمَةٌ. وَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الأَيَّامَ أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَشُرْبٍ " .
The Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ)
delivered a sermon on the days of Tashriq (11th, 12th,
and 13th
of Dhul-Hijjah) and said: “No one will enter
Paradise but a Muslim
soul, and these days are the days of eating and
drinking.”
Chapter 36: The prohibition of fasting the day of Fitr and the day of Adha - كتاب الصيام
It was
narrated that Abu ‘Ubaid said:
حَدَّثَنَا سَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي سَهْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، قَالَ شَهِدْتُ الْعِيدَ مَعَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ فَبَدَأَ بِالصَّلاَةِ قَبْلَ الْخُطْبَةِ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ نَهَى عَنْ صِيَامِ هَذَيْنِ الْيَوْمَيْنِ، يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ وَيَوْمِ الأَضْحَى. أَمَّا يَوْمُ الْفِطْرِ، فَيَوْمُ فِطْرِكُمْ مِنْ صِيَامِكُمْ. وَيَوْمُ الأَضْحَى تَأْكُلُونَ فِيهِ مِنْ لَحْمِ نُسُكِكُمْ .
“I was present for ‘Eid with
‘Umar bin Khattab. He started with the prayer before the sermon,
and
said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade fasting on these
two days,
the Day of Fitr and the Day of Adha. As for the Day of
Fitr, it is the
day when you break your fast, and on the Day of Adha
you eat the meat
of your sacrifices.’”
It was
narrated that Muhammad bin ‘Abbad bin Ja’far said:
حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ شَيْبَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَنَا أَطُوفُ، بِالْبَيْتِ: أَنَهَى النَّبِيُّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ عَنْ صِيَامِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ وَرَبِّ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ .
“While I
was
circumambulating the House, I asked Jabir bin ‘Abdullah: ‘Did the
Prophet (ﷺ) forbid fasting on a Friday?’ He said: ‘Yes, by the
Lord
of this House.’”
Chapter 38: What was narrated concerning fasting on a Saturday - كتاب الصيام
It was
narrated from ‘Abdullah bin Busr that the Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ)
said:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ، عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُسْرٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ
" لاَ تَصُومُوا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ إِلاَّ فِيمَا افْتُرِضَ عَلَيْكُمْ. فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلاَّ عُودَ عِنَبٍ، أَوْ لِحَاءَ شَجَرَةٍ، فَلْيَمُصَّهُ " .
حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُسْرٍ، عَنْ أُخْتِهِ، قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ .
“Do not fast on Saturdays apart from days when you are
obliged to fast. If anyone of you cannot find anything other than
grape stalks or the bark of a tree, let him suck on it.”
Another chain from 'Abdullah
bin Busr, from his sister who said: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said," and he mentioned similarly.
“There are no days during which righteous deeds are more beloved
to
Allah than these days,” meaning the (first) ten days of
Dhul-
Hijjah. They said: “O Messenger of Allah! Not even Jihad in
the cause
of Allah?” He said: “Not even Jihad in the cause of
Allah, unless a
man goes out with himself and his wealth and does not
bring anything
back.”
“There are no days in this world during which worship is more
beloved to Allah, Glorious is He, than the (first) ten days (of
Dhul-
Hijjah). Fasting one of these days is equivalent to fasting for
one
year, and one night of them is equal to Lailatul-Qadr.”
Chapter 39: Fasting the (first) ten days (of Dhul-Hijjah) - كتاب الصيام
It was
narrated from Aswad that ‘Aishah said:
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: مَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ صَامَ الْعَشْرَ قَطُّ .
“I never saw the
Messenger
of Allah (ﷺ) fasting the (first) ten days (of Dhul-
Hijjah).”
Chapter 40: Fasting the day of `Arafah - كتاب الصيام
It was
narrated that ‘Ikrimah said:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنِي حَوْشَبُ بْنُ عَقِيلٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مَهْدِيٌّ الْعَبْدِيُّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ فِي بَيْتِهِ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ؟ فَقَالَ: أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ .
“I entered upon Abu Hurairah in
his
house and asked him about fasting the Day of ‘Arafah at ‘Arafat.
Abu Hurairah said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade fasting
the
Day of ‘Arafah at ‘Arafat.’”
Chapter 41: Fasting the day of `Ashura’ - كتاب الصيام
It was
narrated that Ibn ‘Abbas said:
حَدَّثَنَا سَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي سَهْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ الْمَدِينَةَ فَوَجَدَ الْيَهُودَ صُيَّامًا. فَقَالَ: " مَا هَذَا؟ " . قَالُوا: هَذَا يَوْمٌ أَنْجَى اللَّهُ فِيهِ مُوسَى، وَأَغْرَقَ فِيهِ فِرْعَوْنَ، فَصَامَهُ مُوسَى شُكْرًا . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ " نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِمُوسَى مِنْكُمْ " . فَصَامَهُ، وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ .
“The Prophet (ﷺ) came to
Al-
Madinah, and he found the Jews observing a fast. He said: ‘What
is
this?’ They said: ‘This is the day when Allah saved Musa and
drowned
Pharaoh, so Musa fasted this day in gratitude.’ The
Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ) said: ‘We have more right to Musa than you
do.’ So he fasted
(that day) and enjoined (others) to fast it
also.’”
“Has anyone among you eaten
today?” We said: “Some of us have eaten and some of us have not.”
He
said: “Complete the rest of your day (i.e., do not eat for the
rest of
the day), whoever has eaten and whoever has not eaten. And
send word
to the people of the suburbs to complete the rest of their
day.” He
was referring to the people of the suburbs around
Al-Madinah.
Chapter 41: Fasting the day of `Ashura’ - كتاب الصيام
It was
narrated from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar that the Day of ‘Ashura’
was
mentioned in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). The
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّهُ ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَ: رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ
" كَانَ يَوْمًا يَصُومُهُ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ. فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَصُومَهُ فَلْيَصُمْهُ، وَمَنْ كَرِهَهُ فَلْيَدَعْهُ " .
“That was a day when the people of
the
Ignorance used to fast. So whoever among you wants to fast may do
so,
and whoever does not want to may leave it.”
“O Messenger of Allah, why do
you fast on Mondays and Thursdays?” He said: “On Mondays and
Thursdays
Allah forgives every Muslim except two who have forsaken
one another.
He says: ‘Leave these two until they reconcile.’”
“I came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: ‘O
Prophet of
Allah, I am the man who came to you last year.’ He said:
‘Why do
I see your body so thin (and weak)?’ He said: ‘O Messenger of
Allah! I do not eat during the day; I only eat at night.’ He said:
‘Who commanded you to punish yourself?’ I said: ‘O Messenger of
Allah!
I am strong enough.’ He said: ‘Fast the month of patience*
and one day
after it.’ I said: ‘I am strong enough (to do more).’
He said: ‘Fast
the month of patience and two days after it.’ I
said: ‘I am strong
enough (to do more).’ He said: ‘Fast the
month of patience and three
days after it, and fast the sacred
months.’”