Chapter 3: The legal way of the celebrations on the two 'Eid festivals - كتاب العيدين
Narrated Aisha:
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ دَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعِنْدِي جَارِيَتَانِ مِنْ جَوَارِي الأَنْصَارِ تُغَنِّيَانِ بِمَا تَقَاوَلَتِ الأَنْصَارُ يَوْمَ بُعَاثَ ـ قَالَتْ وَلَيْسَتَا بِمُغَنِّيَتَيْنِ ـ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَمَزَامِيرُ الشَّيْطَانِ فِي بَيْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَذَلِكَ فِي يَوْمِ عِيدٍ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنَّ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ عِيدًا، وَهَذَا عِيدُنَا ".
Abu Bakr came to my house while two small Ansari girls were singing beside me the stories of the
Ansar concerning the Day of Buath. And they were not singers. Abu Bakr said protestingly, "Musical
instruments of Satan in the house of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) !" It happened on the `Id day and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
said, "O Abu Bakr! There is an `Id for every nation and this is our `Id."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 15, Hadith 72
Hadith 953
Chapter 4: Eating on the day of Fitr before ethe 'Eid-al-Fitr - كتاب العيدين
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لاَ يَغْدُو يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ حَتَّى يَأْكُلَ تَمَرَاتٍ. وَقَالَ مُرَجَّى بْنُ رَجَاءٍ حَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَنَسٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَيَأْكُلُهُنَّ وِتْرًا.
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) never proceeded (for the prayer) on the Day of `Id-ul-Fitr unless he had eaten some
dates. Anas also narrated: The Prophet (ﷺ) used to eat odd number of dates.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 15, Hadith 73
Hadith 954
Chapter 5: Eating on the day of Nahr (10th of Dhul-Hijjah) - كتاب العيدين
Narrated Anas:
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" مَنْ ذَبَحَ قَبْلَ الصَّلاَةِ فَلْيُعِدْ ". فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ هَذَا يَوْمٌ يُشْتَهَى فِيهِ اللَّحْمُ. وَذَكَرَ مِنْ جِيرَانِهِ فَكَأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم صَدَّقَهُ، قَالَ وَعِنْدِي جَذَعَةٌ أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ مِنْ شَاتَىْ لَحْمٍ، فَرَخَّصَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَلاَ أَدْرِي أَبَلَغَتِ الرُّخْصَةُ مَنْ سِوَاهُ أَمْ لاَ.
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Whoever slaughtered (his sacrifice) before the `Id prayer, should slaughter again."
A man stood up and said, "This is the day on which one has desire for meat," and he mentioned
something about his neighbors. It seemed that the Prophet (ﷺ) I believed him. Then the same man added,
"I have a young she-goat which is dearer to me than the meat of two sheep." The Prophet (ﷺ) permitted
him to slaughter it as a sacrifice. I do not know whether that permission was valid only for him or for
others as well.
The Prophet (ﷺ) delivered the Khutba after offering the prayer on the Day of Nahr and said, "Whoever
offers the prayer like us and slaughters like us then his Nusuk (sacrifice) will be accepted by Allah.
And whoever slaughters his sacrifice before the `Id prayer then he has not done the sacrifice." Abi
Burda bin Niyar, the uncle of Al-Bara' said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I have slaughtered my sheep before
the `Id prayer and I thought today as a day of eating and drinking (not alcoholic drinks), and I liked
that my sheep should be the first to be slaughtered in my house. So slaughtered my sheep and took my
food before coming for the prayer." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The sheep which you have slaughtered is just
mutton (not a Nusuk)." He (Abu Burda) said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I have a young she-goat which is
dearer to me than two sheep. Will that be sufficient as a Nusuk on my behalf? "The Prophet (p.b.u.h)
said, "Yes, it will be sufficient for you but it will not be sufficient (as a Nusuk) for anyone else after
you."
The Prophet (ﷺ) used to proceed to the Musalla on the days of Id-ul-Fitr and Id-ul-Adha; the first thing to
begin with was the prayer and after that he would stand in front of the people and the people would
keep sitting in their rows. Then he would preach to them, advise them and give them orders, (i.e.
Khutba). And after that if he wished to send an army for an expedition, he would do so; or if he
wanted to give and order, he would do so, and then depart. The people followed this tradition till I
went out with Marwan, the Governor of Medina, for the prayer of Id-ul-Adha or Id-ul-Fitr.
When we reached the Musalla, there was a pulpit made by Kathir bin As-Salt. Marwan wanted to get
up on that pulpit before the prayer. I got hold of his clothes but he pulled them and ascended the pulpit
and delivered the Khutba before the prayer. I said to him, "By Allah, you have changed (the Prophet's
tradition)." He replied, "O Abu Sa`id! Gone is that which you know." I said, "By Allah! What I know
is better than what I do not know." Marwan said, "People do not sit to listen to our Khutba after the
prayer, so I delivered the Khutba before the prayer."
`Ata' said, "Jabir bin `Abdullah said, 'The Prophet (ﷺ) went out on the Day of `Id-ul-Fitr and offered the
prayer before delivering the Khutba, Ata told me that during the early days of Ibn Az-Zubair, Ibn
`Abbas had sent a message to him telling him that the Adhan for the `Id Prayer was never pronounced
(in the life time of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)) and the Khutba used to be delivered after the prayer. Ata told me
that Ibn `Abbas and Jabir bin `Abdullah, had said, "There was no Adhan for the prayer of `Id-ul-Fitr
and `Id-ul-Aqha." `Ata' said, "I heard Jabir bin `Abdullah saying, 'The Prophet (ﷺ) stood up and started
with the prayer, and after it he delivered the Khutba. When the Prophet (ﷺ) of Allah (p.b.u.h) finished (the
Khutba), he went to the women and preached to them, while he was leaning on Bilal's hand. Bilal was
spreading his garment and the ladies were putting alms in it.' " I said to Ata, "Do you think it
incumbent upon an Imam to go to the women and preach to them after finishing the prayer and
Khutba?" `Ata' said, "No doubt it is incumbent on Imams to do so, and why should they not do so?"
The Prophet (ﷺ) offered a two rak`at prayer on the Day of Id ul Fitr and he did not pray before or after it.
Then he went towards women along with Bilal and ordered them to pay alms and so they started
giving their earrings and necklaces (in charity).
The Prophet (p.b.u.h) said, "The first thing that we should do on this day of ours is to pray and then
return to slaughter the sacrifice. So anyone who does so, he acted according to our Sunna (tradition),
and whoever slaughtered the sacrifice before the prayer, it was just meat which he presented to his
family and would not be considered as Nusuk." A person from the Ansar named Abu Burda bin
Niyyar said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I slaughtered the Nusuk (before the prayer) but I have a young shegoat
which is better than an older sheep." The Prophet (ﷺ) I said, "Sacrifice it in lieu of the first, but it will
be not sufficient (as a sacrifice) for anybody else after you."
I was with Ibn `Umar when a spear head pierced the sole of his foot and his foot stuck to the paddle
of the saddle and I got down and pulled his foot out, and that happened in Mina. Al-Hajjaj got the
news and came to inquire about his health and said, "Alas! If we could only know the man who
wounded you!" Ibn `Umar said, "You are the one who wounded me." Al-Hajjaj said, "How is that?"
Ibn `Umar said, "You have allowed the arms to be carried on a day on which nobody used to carry
them and you allowed arms to be carried in the Haram even though it was not allowed before."
Al-Hajjaj went to Ibn `Umar while I was present there. Al-Hajjaj asked Ibn `Umar, "How are you?"
Ibn `Umar replied, "I am all right," Al-Hajjaj asked, "Who wounded you?" Ibn `Umar replied, "The
person who allowed arms to be carried on the day on which it was forbidden to carry them (he meant
Al-Hajjaj)."
The Prophet (ﷺ) delivered the Khutba on the day of Nahr (`Id-ul-Adha) and said, "The first thing we
should do on this day of ours is to pray and then return and slaughter (our sacrifices). So anyone who
does so he acted according to our Sunna; and whoever slaughtered before the prayer then it was just
meat that he offered to his family and would not be considered as a sacrifice in any way. My uncle
Abu Burda bin Niyyar got up and said, "O, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I slaughtered the sacrifice before the
prayer but I have a young she-goat which is better than an older sheep." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Slaughter
it in lieu of the first and such a goat will not be considered as a sacrifice for anybody else after you."
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "No good deeds done on other days are superior to those done on these (first ten
days of Dhul Hijja)." Then some companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Not even Jihad?" He replied, "Not
even Jihad, except that of a man who does it by putting himself and his property in danger (for Allah's
sake) and does not return with any of those things."
While we were going from Mina to `Arafat, I asked Anas bin Malik, about Talbiya, "How did you use
to say Talbiya in the company of the Prophet?" Anas said: "People used to say Talbiya and their
saying was not objected to and they used to say Takbir and that was not objected to either. "
We used to be ordered to come out on the Day of `Id and even bring out the virgin girls from their
houses and menstruating women so that they might stand behind the men and say Takbir along with
them and invoke Allah along with them and hope for the blessings of that day and for purification
from sins.
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 15, Hadith 89
Hadith 973
Chapter 14: To put the 'Anaza (spear-headed stick) or Harba in front of the Imam on Eid day - كتاب العيدين
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي نَافِعٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَغْدُو إِلَى الْمُصَلَّى، وَالْعَنَزَةُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، تُحْمَلُ وَتُنْصَبُ بِالْمُصَلَّى بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَيُصَلِّي إِلَيْهَا.
The Prophet (ﷺ) used to proceed to the Musalla and an 'Anaza used to be carried before him and planted
in the Musalla in front of him and he would pray facing it (as a Sutra).
Um 'Atiyya said: "Our Prophet ordered us to come out (on `Id day) with the mature girls and the
virgins staying in seclusion." Hafsa narrated the above mentioned Hadith and added, "The mature girls
or virgins staying in seclusion but the menstruating women had to keep away from the Musalla."
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 15, Hadith 91
Hadith 975
Chapter 16: The attendance of boys at Musalla - كتاب العيدين
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ خَرَجْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَوْمَ فِطْرٍ أَوْ أَضْحَى، فَصَلَّى ثُمَّ خَطَبَ، ثُمَّ أَتَى النِّسَاءَ فَوَعَظَهُنَّ وَذَكَّرَهُنَّ، وَأَمَرَهُنَّ بِالصَّدَقَةِ.
I (in my boyhood) went out with the Prophet (ﷺ) on the day of `Id ul Fitr or Id-ul-Adha. The Prophet (ﷺ)
prayed and then delivered the Khutba and then went towards the women, preached and advised them
and ordered them to give alms.
The Prophet (ﷺ) went towards Al-Baqi (the graveyard at Medina) on the day of Id-ul-Adha and offered a
two-rak`at prayer (of `Id-ul-Adha) and then faced us and said, "On this day of ours, our first act of
worship is the offering of prayer and then we will return and slaughter the sacrifice, and whoever does
this concords with our Sunna; and whoever slaughtered his sacrifice before that (i.e. before the prayer)
then that was a thing which he prepared earlier for his family and it would not be considered as a
Nusuk (sacrifice.)" A man stood up and said, "O, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I slaughtered (the animal before the
prayer) but I have a young she-goat which is better than an older sheep." The Prophet (p.b.u.h) said to
him, "Slaughter it. But a similar sacrifice will not be sufficient for anybody else after you."
Ibn `Abbas was asked whether he had joined the Prophet (ﷺ) in the `Id prayer. He said, "Yes. And I could
not have joined him had I not been young. (The Prophet (ﷺ) came out) till he reached the mark which was
near the house of Kathir bin As-Salt, offered the prayer, delivered the Khutba and then went towards
the women. Bilal was accompanying him. He preached to them and advised them and ordered them to
give alms. I saw the women putting their ornaments with their outstretched hands into Bilal's garment.
Then the Prophet (ﷺ) along with Bilal returned home.
`Ata' told me that he had heard Jabir bin `Abdullah saying, "The Prophet (ﷺ) stood up to offer the prayer of the `Id ul Fitr. He first offered the prayer and then delivered the Khutba. After finishing it he got down (from the pulpit) and went towards the women and advised them while he was leaning on Bilal's hand. Bilal was spreading out his garment where the women were putting their alms." I asked `Ata' whether it was the Zakat of `Id ul Fitr. He said, "No, it was just alms given at that time. Some lady put her finger ring and the others would do the same." I said, (to `Ata'), "Do you think that it is incumbent upon the Imam to give advice to the women (on `Id day)?" He said, "No doubt, it is incumbent upon the Imams to do so and why should they not do so?"
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 15, Hadith 95
Hadith 979
Chapter 19: The preaching to the woman by the Imam on Eid day - كتاب العيدين
Al-Hasan bin Muslim told me that
Ibn `Abbas had said, "I joined the Prophet, Abu Bakr, `Umar and `Uthman in the `Id ul Fitr prayers. They used to offer the prayer before the Khutba and then they used to deliver the Khutba afterwards. Once the Prophet (ﷺ) I came out (for the `Id prayer) as if I were just observing him waving to the people to sit down. He, then accompanied by Bilal, came crossing the rows till he reached the women. He recited the following verse:
قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ وَأَخْبَرَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ شَهِدْتُ الْفِطْرَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ ـ رضى الله عنهم ـ يُصَلُّونَهَا قَبْلَ الْخُطْبَةِ، ثُمَّ يُخْطَبُ بَعْدُ، خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ حِينَ يُجْلِسُ بِيَدِهِ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ يَشُقُّهُمْ حَتَّى جَاءَ النِّسَاءَ مَعَهُ بِلاَلٌ فَقَالَ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ} الآيَةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ حِينَ فَرَغَ مِنْهَا " آنْتُنَّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ". قَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ لَمْ يُجِبْهُ غَيْرُهَا نَعَمْ. لاَ يَدْرِي حَسَنٌ مَنْ هِيَ. قَالَ " فَتَصَدَّقْنَ " فَبَسَطَ بِلاَلٌ ثَوْبَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَلُمَّ لَكُنَّ فِدَاءٌ أَبِي وَأُمِّي، فَيُلْقِينَ الْفَتَخَ وَالْخَوَاتِيمَ فِي ثَوْبِ بِلاَلٍ. قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ الْفَتَخُ الْخَوَاتِيمُ الْعِظَامُ كَانَتْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ.
'O Prophet! When the believing women come to you to take the oath of fealty to you . . . (to the end of the verse) (60.12).' After finishing the recitation he said, "O ladies! Are you fulfilling your covenant?" None except one woman said, "Yes." Hasan did not know who was that woman. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Then give alms." Bilal spread his garment and said, "Keep on giving alms. Let my father and mother sacrifice their lives for you (ladies)." So the ladies kept on putting their Fatkhs (big rings) and other kinds of rings in Bilal's garment." `Abdur-Razaq said, " 'Fatkhs' is a big ring which used to be worn in the (Pre-Islamic) period of ignorance.